High-carbohydrate diet promotes the adaptation to acute hypoxia in zebrafish
High-carbohydrate diet promotes the adaptation to acute hypoxia in zebrafish
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DOI：
10.1007/s10695-019-00742-2
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发表时间：
2020-04-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Du, Zhen-Yu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ma, Qiang;Hu, Chun-Ting;Du, Zhen-Yu
缺氧是水环境中常见的挑战，它导致生物体能量缺乏和氧化损伤。许多研究表明，低氧条件下机体的生理和代谢发生了一些变化，但膳食营养素对低氧耐受性的影响还没有得到很好的评价。在为期7周的饲养试验中，我们分别用低蛋白饲料（LP）、高蛋白饲料（HP）、低脂饲料（LF）、高脂饲料（HF）、低碳水化合物饲料（LC）和高碳水化合物饲料（HC）喂养斑马鱼。然后，测定大鼠急性低氧耐受能力、生长、体成分、代谢酶活性、能量稳态相关基因和6个hif α s基因的表达。结果表明，只有HC饲料能显著提高小鼠的耐缺氧能力。此外，HC饲料喂养引起较高的糖原沉积在肝脏和肌肉，这些糖原显着减少后，6小时急性缺氧挑战。同时，HC组肝脏和血液中乳酸含量增加。在低氧状态下，糖酵解、ATP生成、胰岛素信号通路和hif-3a（hif 1al）相关基因的相对mRNA表达量均显著增加。本研究揭示高碳水化合物饲料可通过激活斑马鱼体内（主要在肌肉中）的糖酵解和hif/胰岛素信号通路来有效地提供能量，从而提高斑马鱼的耐缺氧能力。因此，我们的研究结果强调了饲料碳水化合物在鱼类耐缺氧中的重要性。
Oxygen deprivation (hypoxia) is a common challenge in water environment, which causes lack of energy and oxidative damage in organisms. Many studies have indicated a number of physiological and metabolic changes under hypoxia, but the effects of dietary nutrients on hypoxia tolerance have not been well evaluated. In the present 7-week feeding trial, we fed zebrafish with low-protein diet (LP), high-protein diet (HP), low-fat diet (LF), high-fat diet (HF), low-carbohydrate diet (LC), and high-carbohydrate diet (HC), respectively. Afterward, the resistance to acute hypoxia challenge, growth, body composition, activities of metabolic enzymes, and expressions of energy homeostasis-related genes and six hif alpha s genes were measured. The results indicated that only the HC diet could significantly improve the resistance to hypoxia challenge. Moreover, the HC diet feeding caused higher glycogen deposition in the liver and muscle, and these glycogens were significantly reduced after 6-h acute hypoxia challenge. Meanwhile, the lactate content in the liver and blood was increased in the HC groups. At hypoxia status, the relative mRNA expressions of the genes related to glycolysis, ATP production, insulin signaling pathway, and hif-3a (hif1al) were all significantly increased in the muscle of the HC diet-fed fish. This study revealed that high-carbohydrate diet could improve the resistance to hypoxia by activating glycolysis and hif/insulin signaling pathway in zebrafish, mainly in the muscle, to efficiently supply energy. Therefore, our results highlight the importance of dietary carbohydrate in resisting hypoxia in fish.