Prefrontal cortex cytoarchitecture in normal aging and Alzheimer's disease: a relationship with IQ
Prefrontal cortex cytoarchitecture in normal aging and Alzheimer's disease: a relationship with IQ
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s00429-012-0381-x
复制
发表时间：
2012-10-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Chance, Steven A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
van Veluw, Susanne J.;Sawyer, Eva K.;Chance, Steven A.
我们之前已经证明，大脑皮层神经元的微柱间距与认知能力有关，并且微柱变薄发生在老年。本研究进一步探讨了轻度认知障碍（MCI）和阿尔茨海默病（AD）中的背外侧前额叶皮质（dlPFC）和海马旁回（PHG）的认知能力与皮质精细结构（微柱组织和神经病理学）之间的关系。 58 名成人（20 名正常对照、18 名 MCI 和 20 名确诊 AD 患者）的死前神经心理学评分与死后显微解剖学相关。我们发现 dlPFC 中的微柱变薄与痴呆症中的智商下降之间存在对应关系。在轻度损伤中，IQ 保持稳定，dlPFC 微柱宽度和 dlPFC 斑块负载也保持稳定。智商仅随着 dlPFC 微柱变薄而下降，并且在更严重的痴呆症中 dlPFC 斑块负荷增加。相比之下，PHG 中的斑块负荷增加，微型柱逐渐变薄，其中微型柱宽度与 MCI 和严重痴呆症的微型精神状态检查分数下降相关。通过纳入另外 14 名年轻对照受试者，我们发现在正常健康衰老过程中，dlPFC 中的微柱宽度减小，而 PHG 微柱宽度没有变化。我们的数据集中智商较高的 AD 患者死亡时年龄较大且病理较少，这支持了认知储备假说的神经基础。
We have previously shown that the minicolumnar spacing of neurons in the cerebral cortex relates to cognitive ability, and that minicolumn thinning occurs in old age. The present study examines further the relationship between cognitive ability and cortical fine structure (minicolumn organization and neuropathology) in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and the parahippocampal gyrus (PHG) in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Premortem neuropsychological scores were related to postmortem microanatomy in 58 adults (20 normal controls, 18 MCI, and 20 confirmed AD patients). We found a correspondence between minicolumn thinning in the dlPFC and IQ decline in dementia. In mild impairment, IQ remained stable, as did dlPFC minicolumn width and dlPFC plaque load. IQ only declined as dlPFC minicolumn thinning occurred and dlPFC plaque load increased in more severe dementia. By contrast, plaque load increased and minicolumns became steadily thinner in the PHG, where minicolumn width correlated with declining mini-mental state examination score across both MCI and severe dementia. By including a further 14 younger control subjects, we found that in normal healthy aging, minicolumn width decreased in the dlPFC, whereas PHG minicolumn width did not change. AD patients in our dataset with higher IQ were older at time of death and had less pathology, which supports a neural basis for the cognitive reserve hypothesis.