Denitrification in rice soils
Denitrification in rice soils
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水稻土反硝化
DOI：
10.1007/978-94-009-7529-3_7
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发表时间：
1982
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
J. Tiedje
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jean;J. Tiedje
反硝化作用的定义是将硝酸盐或亚硝酸盐还原为气态氮（通常是N2 O和N2），通常由细菌催化。虽然已知其他生物体也会产生N2 O [119]，但固氮菌被认为是那些将氮氧化物的还原与电子传递磷酸化结合，从而为细胞提供能量的生物。大多数的硝酸盐被还原成气体，这不是其他N2 O生产生物的情况[111，118]。反硝化的途径被认为是NO 3 − → NO 2 − → [Enz-NO] → N2 O → N2。游离NO是否是一种中间体仍有争议，但现在至少有一种酶结合NO中间体的证据更强[32，50]。反硝化菌通常分泌中间产物NO 2 −和N2 O，但很少有大量NO的报道。也许是由于对反硝化作用的重新关注，最近对反硝化作用的微生物、生物化学、生理学和生态学方面进行了大量综述[25，26，30，34，35，37，43，63，67，79，80，81，87]。本文只集中讨论与水稻栽培有关的反硝化作用的那些方面。
Denitrification is defined as the reduction of nitrate or nitrite to gaseous nitrogen (usually N2O and N2) and is usually catalyzed by bacteria. Though other organisms are known to produce N2O [119], denitrifiers are thought to be those in which the reduction of nitrogenous oxides is coupled to electron transport phosphorylation thereby providing energy to the cell. Most of the nitrate used by denitrifiers is reduced to gas which is not the case for other N2O producing organisms [111, 118]. The pathway of denitrification is thought to be NO 3 − → NO 2 − → [Enz-NO] → N2O → N2. Whether free NO is an intermediate is still in dispute, but evidence is now stronger for at least an enzyme bound NO intermediate [32, 50]. Denitrifiers often excrete the intermediates NO 2 − and N2O, but significant production of NO is rarely reported. Perhaps owing to the renewed interest in denitrification a number of recent reviews have been prepared on the microbiological, biochemical, physiological, and ecological aspects of denitrification [25, 26, 30, 34, 35, 37, 43, 63, 67, 79, 80, 81, 87]. This text is focused only on those aspects of denitrification of relevance to rice culture.*