Heavy elements in urinary stones
Heavy elements in urinary stones
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DOI：
10.1007/s00240-007-0099-z
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发表时间：
2007-08-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Daudon, M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bazin, D.;Chevallier, P.;Daudon, M.
重金属在尿结石中的存在和作用存在争议。我们通过使用同步辐射的微荧光 X 分析，研究了 78 个成分明确的结石中痕量重金属的分布。鉴定出七种元素，最丰富的是锌和锶，它们合计占石头重金属含量的91%。其他重金属为 Fe、Cu、Rb、Pb 和 Se。锌和锶实际上仅限于含钙结石，而在尿酸结石或胱氨酸结石中仅发现微量。在钙结石中，磷酸钙中的 Zn 和 Sr 含量高于草酸钙结石中的含量，而后者中，威氏石中的 Zn 和 Sr 含量高于斜角石中的含量。铁、铜和铷的含量要少得多，也主要存在于钙结石中。 Ph 的含量明显低于以前的研究，因此表明环境中 Pb 的稀少，并且仅在胱氨酸结石中发现了可观量的 Se。总之，含钙结石中锌和锶（均为二价离子）的大量存在表明钙被具有相似电荷和半径的金属离子取代的过程，而不是金属对结石形成的贡献。需要进一步的研究来检查尿液中钙或其他溶质的浓度与钙结石中锌和锶含量之间的关系。
The presence and role of heavy metals in urinary stones is debated. We investigated the distribution of trace heavy metals in 78 calculi of well-defined composition by means of microfluorescence X analysis using synchrotron radiation. Seven elements were identified, the most abundant being Zn and Sr which together accounted for 91 % of the heavy metal content of stones. The other heavy metals were Fe, Cu, Rb, Pb and Se. Zn and Sr were virtually confined to calcium-containing stones, whereas only trace amounts were found in uric acid or cystine stones. Among calcium stones, Zn and Sr were more abundant in calcium phosphate than in calcium oxalate stones and, in the latter, in weddellite than in whewellite stones. Fe, Cu and Rb were much less abundant and also found mainly in calcium stones. Ph was significantly less abundant than in previous studies, thus suggesting a rarefaction of Pb in the environment, and appreciable amounts of Se were found only in cystine stones. In conclusion, the pre-ponderance of Zn and Sr, both bivalent ions, in calciumcontaining stones suggests a substitution process of calcium by metal ions with similar charge and radius rather than a contribution of the metals to stone formation. Further studies are needed to examine the relationships between urine concentration in calcium or other solutes and the amount of Zn and Sr in calcium stones.