Environmental risk factors (excluding tobacco and microorganisms): critical analysis of old and new hypotheses
Environmental risk factors (excluding tobacco and microorganisms): critical analysis of old and new hypotheses
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bpg.2003.12.005
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发表时间：
2004-06-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Ekbom, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ekbom, A
世纪溃疡性结肠炎和克罗恩病发病率的增加导致了各种不同的假设。特别注重饮食因素以及在人口一级引入的其他接触因素，包括快餐、可乐饮料、牙膏、抗生素和口服避孕药。本综述的目的是批判性地评估调查这些假设的不同观察性研究的结果，并提出未来应该追求的研究议程。结论是，感染暴露和早期细菌定植，这是与更好的卫生在生命早期，影响免疫功能，并可能口服避孕药，仍然是未来研究溃疡性结肠炎和克罗恩病的病因感兴趣的唯一曝光。
The increase in incidence in both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease during the 20th century has led to an abundance of different hypotheses on what sort of exposures are responsible. There has been a special focus on dietary factors, as well as on other exposures introduced on a population-based level, including fast food, cola drinks, toothpaste, antibiotics and oral contraceptives. The aim of this review is to critically assess the results from the different observational studies that have investigated these hypotheses, and also to propose research agendas that should be pursued in the future. The conclusion is that infectious exposures and early bacterial colonization, which are associated with better hygiene early in life and that influence immune function, and possibly oral contraceptives, remain the only exposures of interest for future research into the aetiology of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.