Smoking Characteristics and Comorbidities in the Power To Quit Randomized Clinical Trial for Homeless Smokers
Smoking Characteristics and Comorbidities in the Power To Quit Randomized Clinical Trial for Homeless Smokers
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DOI：
10.1093/ntr/nts030
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Des Jarlais, Don
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Okuyemi, Kolawole S.;Goldade, Kate;Des Jarlais, Don
无家可归人群的吸烟率高得惊人(接近70%)；然而，对这一人群的有效戒烟干预措施知之甚少。我们进行了一项基于社区的临床试验，名为戒烟力量(PTQ)，以评估动机访谈(MI)和尼古丁贴片(尼古丁替代疗法[NRT])对无家可归的吸烟者戒烟的效果。本研究描述了吸烟者的吸烟特征和并发症。将4 30名无家可归的成年吸烟者随机分为干预组(NRT+MI)和对照组(NRT+简要建议)。基线评估包括人口统计信息、住所状况、吸烟史、戒烟动机、酒精/其他物质滥用和精神并发症。在完成资格调查的849人中，578人(68.1%)符合资格，430人(74.4%)符合资格。参与者主要是黑人，男性，平均年龄为44.4岁(SD=9.9)，大多数人失业(90.5%)。大多数参与者报告说睡在紧急避难所；近一半的人无家可归超过一年。几乎所有的参与者都是每天吸烟的人，平均每天抽20支烟。近40%的患者健康问卷-9抑郁评分处于中等或更严重的范围，超过80%的患者终生药物滥用或依赖史筛查呈阳性。这项研究证明了将不同样本的无家可归吸烟者纳入戒烟临床试验的可行性。研究样本的独特性使研究人员能够检查尼古丁依赖以及精神和物质滥用并存对戒烟结果的影响。
Smoking prevalence in homeless populations is strikingly high (similar to 70%); yet, little is known about effective smoking cessation interventions for this population. We conducted a community-based clinical trial, Power To Quit (PTQ), to assess the effects of motivational interviewing (MI) and nicotine patch (nicotine replacement therapy [NRT]) on smoking cessation among homeless smokers. This paper describes the smoking characteristics and comorbidities of smokers in the study.Four hundred and thirty homeless adult smokers were randomized to either the intervention arm (NRT + MI) or the control arm (NRT + Brief Advice). Baseline assessment included demographic information, shelter status, smoking history, motivation to quit smoking, alcohol/other substance abuse, and psychiatric comorbidities.Of the 849 individuals who completed the eligibility survey, 578 (68.1%) were eligible and 430 (74.4% of eligibles) were enrolled. Participants were predominantly Black, male, and had mean age of 44.4 years (SD = 9.9), and the majority were unemployed (90.5%). Most participants reported sleeping in emergency shelters; nearly half had been homeless for more than a year. Nearly all the participants were daily smokers who smoked an average of 20 cigarettes/day. Nearly 40% had patient health questionnaire-9 depression scores in the moderate or worse range, and more than 80% screened positive for lifetime history of drug abuse or dependence.This study demonstrates the feasibility of enrolling a diverse sample of homeless smokers into a smoking cessation clinical trial. The uniqueness of the study sample enables investigators to examine the influence of nicotine dependence as well as psychiatric and substance abuse comorbidities on smoking cessation outcomes.