Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology in Asia - An Overview -
Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology in Asia - An Overview -
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DOI：
10.1253/circj.cj-13-0702
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发表时间：
2013-07-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Iso, Hiroyasu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ohira, Tetsuya;Iso, Hiroyasu
心血管疾病（CVD）是世界上导致死亡的主要原因，估计有一半的CVD病例发生在亚洲。与西方国家相比，除日本、韩国、新加坡和泰国外，大多数亚洲国家心血管疾病的年龄调整死亡率更高。在日本，从20世纪60年代到21世纪初，心血管疾病，特别是中风的死亡率持续下降，这使日本成为世界上最长寿的国家。高血压和吸烟是中风和冠状动脉疾病最显著的危险因素，而血脂异常和糖尿病是缺血性心脏病和缺血性中风的危险因素。在日本，全国性的高血压预防和控制措施大大降低了中风死亡率。最近的禁烟运动使男性吸烟率有所下降。相反，从20世纪80年代到21世纪初，血脂异常和糖尿病的患病率有所增加，因此，血脂异常和糖尿病导致心血管疾病的人群可归因风险适度增加。为了预防亚洲未来的心血管疾病，应继续加强对高血压和吸烟的预防计划，并加强对新出现的代谢危险因素的预防计划。日本成功的干预方案可以应用于其他亚洲国家。
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the world and half of the cases of CVD are estimated to occur in Asia. Compared with Western countries, most Asian countries, except for Japan, South Korea, Singapore and Thailand, have higher age-adjusted mortality from CVD. In Japan, the mortality from CVD, especially stroke, has declined continuously from the 1960s to the 2000s, which has contributed to making Japan into the top-ranking country for longevity in the world. Hypertension and smoking are the most notable risk factors for stroke and coronary artery disease, whereas dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus are risk factors for ischemic heart disease and ischemic stroke. The nationwide approach to hypertension prevention and control has contributed to a substantial decline in stroke mortality in Japan. Recent antismoking campaigns have contributed to a decline in the smoking rate among men. Conversely, the prevalence of dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus increased from the 1980s to the 2000s and, therefore, the population-attributable risks of CVD for dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus have increased moderately. To prevent future CVD in Asia, the intensive prevention programs for hypertension and smoking should be continued and that for emerging metabolic risk factors should be intensified in Japan. The successful intervention programs in Japan can be applied to other Asian countries.