DISSOCIATION OF HUMAN PREFRONTAL CORTICAL AREAS ACROSS DIFFERENT SPEECH PRODUCTION TASKS AND GENDER GROUPS
DISSOCIATION OF HUMAN PREFRONTAL CORTICAL AREAS ACROSS DIFFERENT SPEECH PRODUCTION TASKS AND GENDER GROUPS
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DOI：
10.1152/jn.1995.74.5.2163
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发表时间：
1995-11-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
PETERSEN, SE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BUCKNER, RL;RAICHLE, ME;PETERSEN, SE
1.从一系列的正电子发射断层扫描（PET）实验的数据进行了分析，有两个目标。第一个目标是确定在两种不同的语音产生任务中，前额叶皮层激活是否存在可靠的差异。这种差异在确定前额叶皮层的功能分区方面很重要。第二个目标是确定两项言语产生任务是否存在任何性别差异。2.为了实现这些目标，PET减影图像生成的两个语音生产任务（干完成和动词生成）。对于词干完成任务，受试者查看词干（例如，“GRE”），并大声说出可以完成词干的单词（例如，“绿色”）。对于动词生成任务，受试者查看名词（例如，“椅子”），并大声说出有意义的相关动词（例如，“坐”）。不同组别的被试分别完成了词干补全（N = 29）和动词生成（N = 32）任务.来自每个任务减法的数据进一步按性别分组（即，动词生成：男性组;动词生成：女性组等）。PET激活分别确定在前额叶皮层的四个结果的图像。激活主要是在左前额叶皮层的任务和两个性别组。右侧前额叶皮层的激活很小或不存在。在不同的任务中，减影图像显示了前额叶皮层的共同激活和一个明显的差异。在男性和女性组图像中观察到左下前额叶皮层（靠近Brodmann区44或45）的激活。左前额叶皮层（靠近Brodmann区10或46）的激活仅在动词生成减影图像中观察到，正式证明左下前额叶皮层和更前的前额叶皮层之间的功能分离。这种前额叶区域之间的分离在两个性别群体中都是非常强大和可靠的。所有减影图像共有的左下前额叶区域似乎被需要高水平单词检索和产生过程的任务激活。这个区域与更前面的区域不同，后者并不总是被这些任务激活。前额叶区的分离是重要的，因为目前对人类功能解剖学的描述通常处理皮层大区域内的激活（例如，背外侧前额叶皮层）作为单一实体。性别组之间的激活没有检测到质的差异。对于这两个减法，在一个性别组内识别的所有激活都推广到另一个性别组。然而，对于动词生成减法图像，男性受试者的激活幅度大于女性受试者。
1. Data from a series of positron emission tomography (PET) experiments were analyzed with two goals. The first goal was to determine whether there were reliable differences in prefrontal cortex activation across two different speech production tasks. Such differences are important in determining functional subdivisions within prefrontal cortex. The second goal was to determine whether there were any gender differences across the two speech production tasks.2. To accomplish these goals, PET subtraction images were generated for each of two speech production tasks (stem completion and verb generation). For the stem completion task, subjects viewed word stems (e.g., ''GRE'') and said aloud words that could complete the stems (e.g., ''green''). For the verb generation task, subjects viewed nouns (e.g., ''CHAIR'') and said aloud words that were meaningfully related verbs (e.g., ''sit''). Different groups of subjects performed the stem completion (N = 29) and verb generation (N = 32) tasks.3. Data from each task subtraction were further divided by gender group (i.e., verb generation: male group; verb generation: female group, etc.). PET activations were separately identified in prefrontal cortex for each of the four resulting images. Activations were identified primarily in left prefrontal cortex for both tasks and both gender groups. Activations in right prefrontal cortex were small or absent.4. Across tasks, the subtraction images showed both common activations in prefrontal cortex and one clear difference. Activations in left inferior prefrontal cortex (near Brodmann's areas 44 or 45) were observed in both male and female group images for both task subtractions. Activations in left anterior prefrontal cortex (near Brodmann's areas 10 or 46) were only observed for the verb generation subtraction images, formally demonstrating a functional dissociation between left inferior prefrontal cortex and more anterior prefrontal cortex.5. This dissociation between prefrontal areas was highly robust and reliable across both gender groups. The left inferior prefrontal area(s) common to all of the subtraction images appears to be activated by tasks that demand high-level word retrieval and production processes. This area is distinct from the more anterior area(s), which is not always activated by such tasks. Dissociations in prefrontal areas are important because current descriptions of human functional anatomy often treat activations within large regions of cortex (e.g., dorsolateral prefrontal cortex) as single entities.6. No qualitative differences in activation between gender groups were detected. For both subtractions, all activations identified within one gender group generalized to the other gender group. For the verb generation subtraction image, however, activations in male subjects were larger in magnitude than in female subjects.