Design characteristics of in situ and operando ultraviolet-visible and vibrational spectroscopic reaction cells for heterogeneous catalysis
Design characteristics of in situ and operando ultraviolet-visible and vibrational spectroscopic reaction cells for heterogeneous catalysis
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DOI：
10.1080/01614940.2017.1360071
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发表时间：
2017-09
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Juan J. Bravo-Suárez;P. Srinivasan
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文献类型：
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作者：
Juan J. Bravo-Suárez;P. Srinivasan
摘要 本文重点关注通过紫外-可见 (UV-vis) 和振动（IR 和拉曼）光谱对多相催化剂进行原位/操作研究的反应池，主要关注透射、内反射、漫反射和散射技术。其目的是概述最常见的商业和自制反应池设计、其主要设计特征和局限性，以作为其选择或新原位/操作池设计的指南。将会表明，目前有许多针对不同特定催化应用的设计。然而，适用于各种原位催化和操作反应条件的理想反应池还不存在，即死体积低（即，在数十秒内对过程进料变化进行快速动态响应）、高温（> 500°C）、高压（> 30 bar）、低成本、足够的样品容量（用于操作研究，在数十毫克）、良好的光谱响应、类似于实验室规模反应器，以及反应器壁惰性等。
ABSTRACT This article focuses on reaction cells for in situ/operando studies of heterogeneous catalysts by ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) and vibrational (IR and Raman) spectroscopies and mainly focuses on transmission, internal reflection, diffuse reflectance, and scattering techniques. Its objective is to present a general overview of the most common commercial and homemade reaction cell designs, their main design characteristics, and limitations to serve as a guide for their selection or the design of new in situ/operando cells. It will be shown that there are currently many designs for different specific catalytic applications. However, an ideal reaction cell for a wide range of catalytic in situ and operando reaction conditions does not exist (yet), that is, with low dead volume (i.e., for fast dynamic response to process feed changes, within tens of seconds), high temperatures (> 500°C), high pressures (>30 bar), low cost, enough sample capacity (for operando studies, in the tens of mg), good spectroscopic response, resemblance to laboratory scale reactors, and reactor wall inertness, among others.