Predation on earthworms byterrestrial vertebrates
Predation on earthworms byterrestrial vertebrates
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陆生脊椎动物捕食蚯蚓
DOI：
10.1007/978-94-009-5965-1_35
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发表时间：
1983
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Macdonald
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Macdonald
蚯蚓分布广泛且丰富。其生物量可达1000 kg ha - 1，夜间可同时浮出水面，虫数可达100 ~ 20条。因此，蚯蚓对地下捕食者来说是潜在的，对那些把它们挖出来的人和那些在地面上捕捉它们的人来说。蚯蚓组织蛋白质含量高，富含必需氨基酸（Sabine，第24章）。它含有相当数量的脂肪，各种估计为1.5%(Lawrence and Millar, 1945),4.6%（French et al., 1957）和17.3 /~ (Durchon and Lafon, 1951)，这反映在约22.24 kJg−1dry wt的高能量含量上（Bolton and Phillipson, 1976）。这种丰富的食物资源被各种捕食者所利用，对其中一些来说，这是季节性的主要食物。蚯蚓是数百种陆生脊椎动物的主要食物，但这些捕食者对蚯蚓作为猎物的适应性研究很少。本章回顾了(a)一些关于蚯蚓在同域物种饮食中的重要性的研究，(b)一些关于蚓类捕食的研究，以及(c)蚯蚓生态学与这些捕食者的行为和社会组织之间的关系。
The earthwormLumbricus terrestrisis widespread and abundant. Its biomass may reach 1000 kg ha−1, and > 20 worms m −2 may surface simultaneously at night. Earthworms are thus potentially available to subterranean predators, to those that dig them up and those which catch them on the surface. Earthworm tissue has a high protein content and is rich in essential amino acids (Sabine, Chapter 24). It contains a considerable amount of fat variously estimated it 1.5%(Lawrence and Millar, 1945),4.6%(French et al., 1957) and 17.3 /~ (Durchon and Lafon, 1951) and this is reflected in a high energy content of about 22.24 kJg−1dry wt, (Bolton and Phillipson, 1976). This abundant food resource is utilized by diverse predators and for some of them is seasonally the principal food. Earthworms feature in the diets of hundreds of species of terrestrial vertebrates but the adaptations of these predators to securing earthworms as prey have been studied in very few of them. This chapter reviews (a) a selection of studies of the importance of earthworms in the diets of sympatric species, (b) the few studies that have investigated predation onLumbricus, and (c) the relationships between the ecology of the earthworm and the behaviour and social organization of these predators.