Evaluation of phosphate fertilizers for the immobilization of Cd in contaminated soils.
Evaluation of phosphate fertilizers for the immobilization of Cd in contaminated soils.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0124022
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Liang CH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yan Y;Zhou YQ;Liang CH
通过室内试验研究了4种磷肥：磷酸二铵(DAP)、磷酸一氢钾(MPP)、过磷酸钙(SSP)和磷酸三钙(TCP)对污染土壤中Cd的毒性和生物有效性。固定化效率的评估基于两个标准：(A)将可提取Cd浓度降低到TCLP监管水平以下；(B)根据连续提取数据，与特定操作土壤组分相关的Cd变化。结果表明，固定50d后，DAP、MPP、SSP、TCP4种处理土壤中可提取态Cd的浓度分别从对照的42.64 mg/kg降至23.86、21.86、33.89、35.59 mg/kg，固定化效果依次为MPP>、DAP>、SSP>、TCP.连续提取法对土壤中Cd形态的评价结果表明，施磷肥后土壤中Cd的可溶态交换态显著减少，尤其是磷酸三钙处理。此外，还原与更稳定的Cd形态的增加相对应，即结合在锰氧化物上的金属和结合在晶态铁氧化物上的金属。处理效率随着磷酸盐投加量(以PO4/Cd摩尔比)的增加而增加。当PO4/Cd摩尔比为4：1时，固定化效果最好。
A laboratory investigation was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of four phosphate fertilizers, including diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium phosphate monobasic (MPP), calcium superphosphateon (SSP), and calcium phosphate tribasic (TCP), in terms of the toxicity and bioavailability of Cd in contaminated soils. The efficiency of immobilization was evaluated on the basis of two criteria: (a) the reduction of extractable Cd concentration below the TCLP regulatory level and (b) the Cd changes associated with specific operational soil fractions on the basis of sequential extraction data. Results showed that after 50 d immobilization, the extractable concentrations of Cd in DAP, MPP, SSP, and TCP treated soils decreased from 42.64 mg/kg (in the control) to 23.86, 21.86, 33.89, and 35.59 mg/kg, respectively, with immobilization efficiency in the order of MPP > DAP > SSP > TCP. Results from the assessment of Cd speciation via the sequential extraction procedure revealed that the soluble exchangeable fraction of Cd in soils treated with phosphate fertilizers, especially TCP, was considerably reduced. In addition, the reduction was correspondingly related to the increase in the more stable forms of Cd, that is, the metal bound to manganese oxides and the metal bound to crystalline iron oxides. Treatment efficiency increased as the phosphate dose (according to the molar ratio of PO4/Cd) increased. Immobilization was the most effective under the molar ratio of PO4/Cd at 4:1.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
13.6
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DOI：
10.1080/03067310290007796
发表时间：
2002-04-01
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
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通讯作者：
Elci, L