High-performance elastomeric nanocomposites via solvent-exchange processing
High-performance elastomeric nanocomposites via solvent-exchange processing
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DOI：
10.1038/nmat1798
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
41.2
通讯作者：
McKinley, Gareth H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liff, Shawna M.;Kumar, Nitin;McKinley, Gareth H.
将纳米颗粒掺入工程热塑性塑料为工程师提供了合成聚合物纳米复合材料的机会，这些材料可能与自然界中最先进的材料相媲美。这些材料的开发是困难的，因为热力学和动力学障碍抑制无机的，通常是亲水性的纳米颗粒在疏水聚合物基质中的分散。使用一种新的溶剂交换方法，我们优先加强硬微区的热塑性弹性体与近晶粘土相似的特征尺寸。粘土和硬微区之间的强粘附力加上形成的双折射网络，不仅硬化和增韧，但增加了材料的热变形温度，并诱导可逆的热致液晶转变。分散粘土片晶在一系列长度尺度上诱导形态有序化，这导致显着的热机械增强和扩展高温应用。将嵌段共聚物加工技术与这种优先排序纳米颗粒的方法相结合，有利于开发新的分层有序材料。
The incorporation of nanoparticles into engineering thermoplastics affords engineers an opportunity to synthesize polymer nanocomposites that potentially rival the most advanced materials in nature. Development of these materials is difficult because thermodynamic and kinetic barriers inhibit the dispersal of inorganic, often hydrophilic nanoparticles in hydrophobic polymer matrices. Using a new solvent-exchange approach, we preferentially reinforce the hard microdomains of thermoplastic elastomers with smectic clay of similar characteristic dimensions. The strong adhesion between the clay and the hard microdomains coupled with the formation of a percolative network not only stiffens and toughens, but increases the heat distortion temperature of the material and induces reversible thermotropic liquid-crystalline transitions. The discotic clay platelets induce morphological ordering over a range of length scales, which results in significant thermomechanical enhancement and expands high-temperature applications. Merging block-copolymer processing techniques with this method for preferential ordering of nanoparticle facilitates the development of new, hierarchically ordered materials.