Making the biopolitical subject: Cambodian immigrants, refugee medicine and cultural citizenship in California.
Making the biopolitical subject: Cambodian immigrants, refugee medicine and cultural citizenship in California.
复制标题
制定生物政治主题：柬埔寨移民、难民医学和加利福尼亚州的文化公民身份。
DOI：
10.1016/0277-9536(94)00230-q
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发表时间：
1995
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Aihwa Ong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Aihwa Ong
受米歇尔·福柯（Michel Foucault）影响的学者将卫生专业与公民身份的正常化联系起来，声称虽然生物医学关注身体的健康，但它也构成了使现代福利国家的主体社会化的社会和官僚实践。然而，我们很少了解病人自己是如何吸引医学目光的，也不知道他们对生物医学干预的抵制是如何吸引和转移控制的。我试图通过临床医生和高棉难民对他们遭遇的解释来说明这一点。这项研究表明，难民医学是一个良好的意图，希望控制患病和越轨人口的混合，以及有限的资源，往往有利于医疗的紧急情况。加州的临床医生，其中许多是亚裔美国人，对现代医学对第三世界患者的疗效表现出深深的信心，这样他们就可以在这个新国家发挥作用。与此相反，高棉难民寻求相当具体的资源，同时希望逃避对医疗保健的身体和精神的控制。我认为，生物医学的目光是不是这样一个分散的霸权权力，但本身是由追求自己的目标的难民主体的复杂的伪装产生的。临床医生和难民同样陷入了涉及控制和诡计、挪用和抵制、谈判和学习的权力网络，这些网络构成了成为美国人可能对一个贫困的亚洲群体带来的生物政治教训。
Linking the health profession to the normalization of citizenship, scholars influenced by Michel Foucault claim that while biomedicine attends to the health of bodies, it is also constitutive of the social and bureaucratic practices that socialize subjects of the modern welfare state. Yet, we seldom learn about how patients themselves draw the medical gaze, nor how their resistances to biomedical intervention both invite and deflect control. I try to show this by means of clinicians' and Khmer refugees' interpretations of their encounters. This study illustrates that refugee medicine is a mix of good intentions, desire to control diseased and deviant populations, and the exigencies of limited resources which often favor medicalization. Californian clinicans, many of them Asian-Americans, display a deep faith in the efficacy of modern medicine for third world patients so that they can function in the new country. Khmer refugees, in contrast, seek rather specific resources while wishing to elude control over the body and mind that goes with medical care. I argue that the biomedical gaze is not such a diffused hegemonic power but is itself generated by the complex contestation of refugee subjects pursuing their own goals. Clinicians and refugees are equally caught up in webs of power involving control and subterfuge, appropriation and resistance, negotiation and learning that constitute biopolitical lessons of what becoming American may entail for an underprivileged Asian group.