Phylogeographical and speciation patterns in subterranean worm lizards of the genus Blanus (Amphisbaenia: Blanidae)
Phylogeographical and speciation patterns in subterranean worm lizards of the genus Blanus (Amphisbaenia: Blanidae)
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-294x.2007.03248.x
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发表时间：
2007-04-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Garcia-Paris, M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Albert, E. M.;Zardoya, R.;Garcia-Paris, M.
地下爬行动物独特的生活方式决定了它们的物种形成和多样化模式。为了进一步了解地下爬行动物的进化生物学，我们研究了Blanus属蠕虫蜥蜴的生殖发育及其伊比利亚代表的地理分布。我们使用线粒体（ND 4和16 S rRNA）和核（匿名）的部分基因序列，以解决系统发育关系内Blanus。东地中海的Blanus strauchi是西地中海物种的姐妹群。伊比利亚和北非的Blanus被恢复为单系群。用相同的基因对47个青鱼居群的地理分布进行了研究。线粒体和核序列数据恢复两个高度支持伊比利亚分支。它们之间的Parapatry和高序列分歧表明，这些分支可能代表独立的分类单位。考虑到伊比利亚和北非的Blanus之间的分裂是由于上托顿的Betic海峡重新开放（800 - 900万年前），校准了分子钟。两个伊比利亚分支之间的差异估计可以追溯到520万年前。中伊比利亚进化枝包括5个线粒体单倍型谱系（A-E）。其中两个的地理范围在伊比利亚高原中部广泛重叠。在检验了其他假设之后，对这种惊人的地理分布格局最可能的解释是，其中一个谱系（C）最近分散到了另一个谱系（B）的地理范围内。推断最近分散的这种fossorial爬行动物解释的人口优势与地下生活方式。
The peculiar lifestyle of subterranean reptiles must determine their modes of speciation and diversification. To further understand the evolutionary biology of subterranean reptiles, we studied the phylogeny of worm lizards of the genus Blanus and the phylogeography of its Iberian representatives. We used mitochondrial (ND4 and 16S rRNA) and nuclear (anonymous) partial gene sequences to resolve phylogenetic relationships within Blanus. The Eastern Mediterranean Blanus strauchi was recovered as sister group of Western Mediterranean species. Iberian and North African Blanus were recovered as reciprocally monophyletic groups. The same genes were used to determine phylogeography of 47 populations of Blanus cinereus. Mitochondrial and nuclear sequence data recovered two highly supported Iberian clades. Parapatry and high sequence divergences between them suggest that these clades may represent independent taxonomic units. A molecular clock was calibrated considering that the split between Iberian and North African Blanus was due to the re-opening of the Betic Strait in the Upper Tortonian (8-9 million years ago). Differentiation between the two Iberian clades was estimated to date back to 5.2 million years ago. The Central Iberian clade included five mitochondrial haplotype lineages (A-E). Geographical ranges of two of them broadly overlap in the central Iberian plateau. After testing alternative hypotheses, the most likely explanation for this striking phylogeographical pattern involves recent dispersal of one of the lineages (C) over the geographical range of the other (B). The inferred recent dispersal of this fossorial reptile is explained in terms of demographic advantages associated to underground lifestyle.