Ecological and evolutionary consequences of sexual and clonal reproduction in aquatic plants
Ecological and evolutionary consequences of sexual and clonal reproduction in aquatic plants
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DOI：
10.1016/j.aquabot.2016.03.006
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发表时间：
2016-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Barrett, Spencer C. H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eckert, Christopher G.;Dorken, Marcel E.;Barrett, Spencer C. H.
水生被子植物是由不同的陆生类群演化而来的，在形态、生活史和生殖系统上表现出广泛的变异。这种变化反映了在向水生生境过渡后发生的进化修改，以及对湿地环境中发生的丰富生态位的适应。尽管有这种变异，几乎所有的多年生水生植物都有一个重要的功能：通过有性繁殖和无性繁殖进行繁殖。这些截然不同的繁殖模式涉及到繁殖体的形成，这些繁殖体在大小、资源状况和遗传特性上都有所不同。因此，有性生殖和克隆生殖之间的平衡具有重要的生态和进化的后果，扩散，招聘和种群内和种群之间的遗传多样性的空间格局。在这里，我们回顾了水生植物生活史和繁殖模式的多样性，并考虑：（1）它们对从本地种群到洲际运输的空间尺度上的扩散模式的影响;（2）克隆性如何通过权衡和交配模式影响性适合度;（3）有性生殖与克隆生殖在种群建立和随后的入侵植物扩散中的作用;（4）有性繁殖体与无性繁殖体在扩散和竞争方面的差异如何潜在地影响繁殖模式的选择模式;（5）表型可塑性、体细胞突变和表观遗传在促进广布克隆水生物种入侵成功中的作用。我们总结我们的审查确定有利可图的领域，为今后的调查，努力提供一个强大的议程，为未来的研究生态和水生植物的进化。(C)2016爱思唯尔B. V.保留所有权利。
Aquatic angiosperms have evolved from a diverse assemblage of terrestrial lineages and exhibit broad variation in morphology, life history, and reproductive systems. This variation reflects evolutionary modifications that have occurred following transitions to aquatic habitats, and adaptation to the wealth of ecological niches that occur in wetland environments. Despite this variation, nearly all perennial aquatic plants share one important feature: propagation through both sexual and clonal reproduction. These contrasting reproductive modes involve the formation of propagules that differ in size, resource status, and genetic identity. Accordingly, the balance between sexual and clonal reproduction has important ecological and evolutionary consequences for dispersal, recruitment, and spatial patterns of genetic diversity within and among populations. Here, we review the diversity of aquatic plant life histories and reproductive modes and consider: (1) their effects on patterns of dispersal across spatial scales ranging from the local population to inter-continental transport; (2) how clonality affects sexual fitness via trade-offs and mating patterns; (3) the roles of sexual versus clonal reproduction in population establishment and in the subsequent spread of invasive aquatic plants; (4) how the contrasting properties of sexually versus clonally-derived propagules in terms of dispersal and competition potentially influence patterns of selection on reproductive mode; (5) the roles of phenotypic plasticity, somatic mutations and epigenetic inheritance in promoting invasion success in widespread clonal aquatic species. We conclude our review by identifying profitable areas for future enquiry in an effort to provide a robust agenda for future research on the ecology and evolution of aquatic plants. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.