Distributive Justice and Climate Change. The Allocation of Emission Rights
Distributive Justice and Climate Change. The Allocation of Emission Rights
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分配正义与气候变化。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Roser
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lukas H. Meyer;D. Roser
温室气体的排放导致了气候变化。因此，许多人支持全球排放上限。那么，在这个上限下允许的排放量应该如何分配呢？我们首先表明，高于平均水平的过去排放量不能用来证明高于平均水平的当前排放量的权利。然后，我们概述了分配正义的三个基本原则（平均主义、优先主义和充分主义），并辩称，首先，优先主义标准是最合理的，其次，它们支持给予发展中国家人民比工业化国家人民更高的排放权。为了支持这一点，除其他外，必须表明工业化国家过去较高的排放量在哪些方面与今天排放权的分配有关。
Abstract The emission of greenhouse gases causes climate change. Therefore, many support a global cap on emissions. How then should the emissions allowed under this cap be distributed? We first show that above average past emissions cannot be used to justify a right to above average current emissions. We then sketch three basic principles of distributive justice (egalitarianism, prioritarianism, and sufficientarianism) and argue, first, that prioritarian standards are the most plausible and, second, that they speak in favour of giving people of developing countries higher emission rights than people of industrialised countries. In order to support this point it has to be shown, inter alia, in what ways the higher past emissions of industrialised countries are relevant for today’s distribution of emission rights.