Habitat restoration opportunities, climatic niche contraction, and conservation biogeography in California's San Joaquin Desert
Habitat restoration opportunities, climatic niche contraction, and conservation biogeography in California's San Joaquin Desert
复制标题
加利福尼亚州圣华金沙漠的栖息地恢复机会、气候生态位收缩和保护生物地理学
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0210766
复制
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
B. Sinervo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Stewart;H. S. Butterfield;Jonathan Q Richmond;David J. Germano;Michael F Westphal;Erin N. Tennant;B. Sinervo
最近全球范围内的退耕趋势为受威胁和濒危物种提供了恢复栖息地的机会。我们研究了世界上最受改造的景观之一，加州圣华金沙漠（SJD）的栖息地恢复机会。尽管存在35种受威胁和濒危物种，但农业扩张继续导致SJD的栖息地丧失，甚至边际农田也被淘汰。在未来几十年里，盐碱化、气候变化和历史地下水透支等多种因素预计将导致SJD超过2000平方公里的农田退耕。为促进生态环境的战略性保护与恢复，本研究对中国濒危物种钝鼻豹蜥（Gambelia sila）的生境丧失与破碎化、生境适宜性、气候生态位稳定性、气候变化影响、生境保护和再引入机会进行了定量评估。我们使用我们的适宜性模型，结合现代和历史的土地利用地图，来估计历史和现代的栖息地因发展而丧失的速度。自1967年该物种受到濒危物种法保护以来，估计失去的栖息地数量超过了目前通过公共所有权和保护地役权保护的栖息地总数。我们记录了气候生态位的收缩和相关的范围收缩，远离物种历史分布的更混乱的边缘，这是由人为引入的外来草和forbs驱动的。外来物种对绿僵菌范围动态的影响似乎仍在展开。最后，我们使用NASA休耕区地图确定了610平方公里的休耕或退休农业用地，这些土地具有再次成为栖息地的巨大潜力。我们根据栖息地恢复的潜力和持续和历史栖息地丧失的多种驱动因素讨论了保护策略。
A recent global trend toward retirement of farmland presents opportunities to reclaim habitat for threatened and endangered species. We examine habitat restoration opportunities in one of the world’s most converted landscapes, California’s San Joaquin Desert (SJD). Despite the presence of 35 threatened and endangered species, agricultural expansion continues to drive habitat loss in the SJD, even as marginal farmland is retired. Over the next decades a combination of factors, including salinization, climate change, and historical groundwater overdraft, are projected to lead to the retirement of more than 2,000 km2 of farmland in the SJD. To promote strategic habitat protection and restoration, we conducted a quantitative assessment of habitat loss and fragmentation, habitat suitability, climatic niche stability, climate change impacts, habitat protection, and reintroduction opportunities for an umbrella species of the SJD, the endangered blunt-nosed leopard lizard (Gambelia sila). We use our suitability models, in conjunction with modern and historical land use maps, to estimate the historical and modern rate of habitat loss to development. The estimated amount of habitat lost since the species became protected under endangered species law in 1967 is greater than the total amount of habitat currently protected through public ownership and conservation easement. We document climatic niche contraction and associated range contraction away from the more mesic margins of the species’ historical distribution, driven by the anthropogenic introduction of exotic grasses and forbs. The impact of exotic species on G. sila range dynamics appears to be still unfolding. Finally, we use NASA fallowed area maps to identify 610 km2 of fallowed or retired agricultural land with high potential to again serve as habitat. We discuss conservation strategies in light of the potential for habitat restoration and multiple drivers of ongoing and historical habitat loss.
北美城市庭院植物多样性、组成和结构的同质化
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Pearse, William D.;Cavender-Bares, Jeannine;Hobbie, Sarah E.;Avolio, Meghan L.;Bettez, Neil;Roy Chowdhury, Rinku;Darling, Lindsay E.;Groffman, Peter M.;Grove, J. Morgan;Hall, Sharon J.
通讯作者：
Hall, Sharon J.