Metabolic and performance responses during endurance exercise after high-fat and high-carbohydrate meals
Metabolic and performance responses during endurance exercise after high-fat and high-carbohydrate meals
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DOI：
10.1152/jappl.1998.85.2.418
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发表时间：
1998-08-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Frayn, KN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Whitley, HA;Humphreys, SM;Frayn, KN
我们研究了运动前膳食成分对耐力运动中代谢和表现相关变量的影响。8名训练有素的自行车手（最大摄氧量65.0 - 83.5 ml.kg）。Min(-1))在禁食后三次被研究。分别给予含碳水化合物（CHO）、蛋白质(P)和脂肪(F)的等能餐（g/70 kg体重）：高碳水化合物餐，215 CHO, 26 P, 3 F；高脂肪餐，50 CHO, 14 P, 80 F。第三次实验是在禁食一夜之后进行的。进食4小时后，受试者以最大摄氧量的70%开始运动90分钟，然后进行10公里计时赛。高碳水化合物餐与高脂肪餐相比，运动时血糖、血浆非酯化脂肪酸、血浆甘油、血浆乳糜微粒-三酰基甘油和血浆3-羟基丁酸浓度显著降低（P < 0.05）。与此同时，运动期间血浆胰岛素（与未进食相比P < 0.01）、血浆肾上腺素和血浆生长激素浓度（与其他两种情况相比均P < 0.05）均有所增加。尽管血浆中的底物和激素浓度有很大差异，但在90分钟的运动期间，三个试验中的底物氧化是相似的，计时赛的表现没有差异。这些结果表明，尽管脂肪酸和其他底物在血浆中的可用性可以通过饮食方式显着改变，但耐力运动中底物氧化的模式是显著抵抗改变的。
We studied the effects of preexercise meal composition on metabolic and performance-related variables during endurance exercise. Eight well-trained cyclists (maximal oxygen uptake 65.0 to 83.5 ml.kg(-1).min(-1)) were studied on three occasions after an overnight fast. They were given isoenergetic meals containing carbohydrate (CHO), protein (P), and fat (F) in the following amounts (g/70 kg body wt): high-carbohydrate meal, 215 CHO, 26 P, 3 F; high-fat meal, 50 CHO, 14 P, 80 F. On the third occasion subjects were studied after an overnight fast. Four hours after consumption of the meal, subjects started exercise for 90 min at 70% of their maximal oxygen uptake, followed by a 10-km time trial. The high-carbohydrate meal compared with the high-fat meal resulted in significant decreases (P < 0.05) in blood glucose, plasma nonesterified fatty acids, plasma glycerol, plasma chylomicron-triacylglycerol, and plasma 3-hydroxybutyrate concentrations during exercise. This was accompanied by an increase in plasma insulin (P < 0.01 vs. no meal), plasma epinephrine, and plasma growth hormone concentrations (each P < 0.05 vs, either of the other conditions) during exercise. Despite these large differences in substrate and hormone concentrations in plasma, substrate oxidation during the 90-min exercise period was similar in the three trials, and there were no differences in performance on the time trial. These results suggest that, although the availability of fatty acids and other substrates in plasma can be markedly altered by dietary means, the pattern of substrate oxidation during endurance exercise is remarkably resistant to alteration.