Hydrogen Cyanide Production in North American and African Polydesmoid Millipeds
Hydrogen Cyanide Production in North American and African Polydesmoid Millipeds
复制标题
北美和非洲多足类千足虫产生氰化氢
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
1975
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
T. Eisner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Eisner;W. F. Wood;T. Eisner
已经从千足虫的防御分泌物中分离出多种物质，包括氰化氢、苯甲醛、苯酚、1，4-苯醌、喹唑啉酮和含氮萜烯（参考文献Altman和Dittmer，973;达菲尔德等人，974; M.einwald等，975; Smolanoff等人，975; Wood，974; Wood等人，975）。氰化氢是这些化合物中第一个被鉴定的（Guldensteeden-Egeling，882），已报道来自十几个欧洲和新大陆物种，所有的成员都是Polydesmida亚目的成员（Barbetta等人，1966; Blum和Woodring，962; Blum等人，973; Casnati等人，963; Davenport等人，952，达菲尔德等人，974; Reinner等人，963; H. E. Reynner等人，963; Hall等人，969; Monteiro，96）.我们已经证明了在另外四个polydesmoid物种中的氰化氢产生，加强了这样一种观点，即在亚目中，氰化作用可能是广泛的，如果不是普遍的话。其中三个种为三斑多刺蛾（D. trimaculata）、三斑多刺蛾A. kleinpeteri和Pseudopolydesmus branneri，均起源于美国; S. A. (the第一个物种来自弗吉尼亚州的克利夫顿锻造厂;另外两个。来自弗吉尼亚州的罗阿诺克）第四个种是来自非洲（肯尼亚的蒙巴萨）的Astrodesnuslaxus。通过操纵动物并轻轻挤压它们，同时在它们的身体旁边保持浸渍有联苯胺乙酸-乙酸铜试剂的滤纸条（Feigl，1966），测试动物的氰生成。在所有的情况下，纸都变成了蓝色，表明氰化氢蒸汽从腺体中释放出来。用我们实验室以前发展的技术（H. E. Reynner等人，1967
A diversity of substances has been isolated from the defensive secretions of millipeds, including hydrogen cyanide, benzaldehyde, phenols, ,4-benzoquinones, quinazolinones, and nitrogen-co.ntaining terpenes (references in Altman and Dittmer, 973; Duffield et al., 974; M.einwald et al., 975; Smolanoff et al., 975; Wood, 974; Wood et al., 975). Hydrogen cyanide, the first of these compounds identified (Guldensteeden-Egeling, 882), has been reported from ov.er a dozen European and New World species, all members of the suborder Polydesmida (Barbetta et al., I966; Blum and Woodring, 962; Blum et al., 973; Casnati et al., 963; Davenport et al., 952, Duffield et al., 974; Eisner et al., 963; H. E. Eisner et al., 963; Hall et al., 969; Monteiro, 96). We have demonstrated hydrogen cyanide pr.oduction in four additional polydesmoid species, strengthening the view that cyanogenesis may be of widespread, if not general, occurrence within the suborder. Three of the species, dpheloria trimaculata, A. kleinpeteri, and Pseudopolydesmus branneri, stemmed from the U. S. A. (the first species was from Clifton Forge, Virginia; the other two. from Roanoke, Virginia) the ’fourth species, Astrodesnus laxus, was from Africa (Mombasa, Kenya). The animals were tested for cyanogenesis by manipulating them and gently squeezing them, while at the same time holding beside their bodies strips of filter paper impregnated with benzidine acetate-copper acetate reagent (Feigl, I966). In all instances the papers turned blue, indicating release of hydrogen cyanide vapor from their glands. In single individuals of .each of the North American species, cyanogenetic output was assayed quantitively (see .accompanying table), using the technique previously developed in our laborato.ries (H. E. Eisner et al., 1967