The role of bite force in the evolution of head shape and head shape dimorphism in Anolis lizards
The role of bite force in the evolution of head shape and head shape dimorphism in
Anolis
lizards
复制标题
咬合力在安乐蜥头形进化及头形二态性中的作用
作者：
J. De Meyer;D. Irschick;B. Vanhooydonck;J. Losos;D. Adriaens;A. Herrel
头部形状的趋同进化模式，结合性能测量，为理解驱动其进化的过程提供了理想的机会。变色蜥蜴是测试这一点的绝佳对象，因为它们是反复出现的栖息地专家或生态形态，在不同的岛屿上独立进化。结果表明，表型相似性与系统发育相似性和生境相似性相对应，表明不同生态形态在头部形态上存在趋同进化。此外，我们还表明，高而宽的头部的进化与更高的咬合力的进化相关，从而驱动了生态形态之间和内部的头部形状变化。此外，影响头部形状变化的过程可能在性别之间有所不同，导致两性头形二态性。然而，这些过程可能仍然取决于栖息地。因此，也可能有趋同进化的头部形状二态性之间的生态形态。我们没有发现两性头型二态性趋同进化的证据。此外，两性头型二态性与咬合力相关性较差，这表明两性头型差异与其他功能有关。因此，不同的过程驱动着头形和头形二态性的进化。在本文的支持信息中可以找到一个免费的简单语言摘要。
Patterns of convergent evolution in head shape, combined with performance measures, provide ideal opportunities to understand the processes driving its evolution. Anole lizards represent an excellent subject to test this, as recurrent habitat specialists or ecomorphs evolved independently across different islands. We show that phenotypic similarity corresponds to both phylogenetic similarity and similarity in habitat, indicating that there is convergent evolution in head shape among ecomorphs. Moreover, we show that the evolution of tall, wide heads correlate with the evolution of higher bite forces, driving head shape variation among and within ecomorphs. In addition, the processes affecting head shape variation can differ between sexes, leading to sexual head shape dimorphism. These processes might, however, still depend on the habitat. Consequently, there could also be convergent evolution in head shape dimorphism among ecomorphs. We found no evidence for convergent evolution in sexual head shape dimorphism. Moreover, the sexual head shape dimorphism correlates poorly with bite force, suggesting that intersexual head shape differences are related to other functions. Different processes are thus driving the evolution of head shape and head shape dimorphism. A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.