THERMAL RESPONSES TO EXERCISE IN CHILDREN
THERMAL RESPONSES TO EXERCISE IN CHILDREN
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DOI：
10.1080/00140138108924830
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发表时间：
1981-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
DAVIES, CTM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
DAVIES, CTM
在中等环境（Tdb = 21 ℃）中研究了8名青春期前运动员男孩（平均年龄12.8岁）和5名青春期运动员女孩（平均年龄13.8岁）对运动的热反应。C，Twb = 17 °。并将结果与8名成年运动员（平均年龄36岁）的数据进行比较。3组的最大有氧功率输出（≥ VO 2 max）分别平均为66.7、63.6和68.6 ml/kg/min。在相同的相对工作负荷（% ≥ VO 2 max）下，儿童的代谢产热（M）比成人低约44%，但两组在运动第60分钟时的直肠温度相同。受试者之间的主要差异是平均皮肤温度（.hivin.Tsk）和蒸发性出汗量（.ovrhdot.msw）;儿童的.ovrhdot.msw较低，而.hivin.Tsk约为3.0 ℃。在相同的环境条件下，C高于成年人。儿童能够通过物理（对流和辐射）和生理（汗液蒸发）方式损失等量的总产热（H），而成年人通过非蒸发途径消耗< 1/3 H。由于他们的身体表面积与体重之比高的可能优势，似乎幼儿是极好的热对流器和散热器，因此具有相对较差的发育和/或不敏感的出汗机制。儿童的热反应在数量上与年轻人不同，在运动过程中必须单独考虑。
Thermal responses to exercise in 8 athletic pre-pubertal boys (mean age 12.8 yr) and 5 young athletic adolescent girls (mean age 13.8 yr) were studied in a moderate environment (Tdb = 21.degree. C, Twb = 17.degree. C) and the results compared with data collected on 8 adult athletes (mean age 36 yr). Maximal aerobic power output (.ovrhdot.VO2 max) for the 3 groups averaged 66.7, 63.6 and 68.6 ml/kg per min respectively. At the same relative work load (%.ovrhdot.VO2 max), metabolic heat production (M) was approximately 44% less in the children than adults but rectal temperature at the 60th min of exercise was the same in the 2 groups. The major difference between the subjects was in mean skin temperature (.hivin.Tsk) and evaporative sweat loss (.ovrhdot.msw); .ovrhdot.msw was lower in children and .hivin.Tsk was approximately 3.degree. C higher for the same environmental conditions than in adults. The children were able to lose equal amounts of total heat production (H) by physical (convection and radiation) and physiological (evaporation of sweat) means compared with adults who dissipated < 1/3 H by non-evaporative pathways. Due to the possible advantage of their high body surface area to weight ratio, it would seem that young children were excellent convectors and radiators of heat and as a result had a relatively poorly developed and/or insensitive sweat mechanism. Thermal responses of children were quantitatively different from young adults and they must be regarded separately during exercise.