Global Observations of Horizontal Mixing from Argo Float and Surface Drifter Trajectories

Global Observations of Horizontal Mixing from Argo Float and Surface Drifter Trajectories
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Argo 浮标和表面漂流器轨迹水平混合的全球观测

DOI:
10.1029/2018jc013750
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发表时间:
2018
期刊:
Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Speer, Kevin
Speer, Kevin
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Roach, Christopher J.;Balwada, Dhruv;Speer, Kevin

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海洋中尺度涡旋的混合在确定海洋示踪剂的分布方面起着重要作用,对局部到全球尺度的物理和生化系统具有重要意义。Roach等人(2016;https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JC011440)证明,对Argo轨迹的两粒子分析产生了对南大洋水平混合的可靠估计。在这里,我们将这一分析扩展到生成Argo标称停泊深度为1,000 m的全球1°× 1°涡动扩散率图。我们还应用这种方法来估计全球漂浮物计划(GDP)表面漂浮物的表面涡流扩散系数。全球平均涡旋扩散系数在1000 m处为543±155 m2/s,在地表为2637±311 m2/s,在涡旋动能增强的区域,如西部边界流和南极环极流,涡旋扩散系数升高。赤道的涡旋动能在表层和深层都很高,但涡旋扩散系数仅在表层附近增强。在深度处,由于平均流的存在,涡动扩散率受到强烈抑制。我们使用我们的观测估计来测试涡旋扩散率参数化的有效性,该参数化考虑了纬向平均流存在时的混合抑制。结果表明,这种参数化与直接观测到的中纬度和高纬度海洋涡旋扩散率基本一致。
Mixing by mesoscale eddies in the ocean plays a major role in setting the distribution of oceanic tracers, with important implications for physical and biochemical systems at local to global scales. Roach et al. (2016; https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JC011440) demonstrated that a two‐particle analysis of Argo trajectories produces robust estimates of horizontal mixing in the Southern Ocean. Here we extend this analysis to produce global 1° × 1° maps of eddy diffusivity at the nominal Argo parking depth of 1,000 m. We also applied this methodology to estimate surface eddy diffusivities from Global Drifter Program (GDP) surface drifters. The global mean eddy diffusivity was 543 ± 155 m2/s at 1,000 m and 2637 ± 311 m2/s at the surface, with elevated diffusivities in regions of enhanced eddy kinetic energy, such as western boundary currents and along the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. The eddy kinetic energy at the equator is high at both the surface and depth, but the eddy diffusivity is only enhanced near the surface. At depth the eddy diffusivity is strongly suppressed due to the presence of mean flow. We used our observational estimates to test the validity of an eddy diffusivity parameterization that accounts for mixing suppression in the presence of zonal mean flows. Our results indicated that this parameterization generally agrees with the directly observed eddy diffusivities in the midlatitude and high‐latitude oceans.
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