Developing independent learning in the early years
Developing independent learning in the early years
复制标题
从小培养独立学习能力
DOI：
10.1080/03004270585200081
复制
发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
Sanjana Mehta
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Whitebread;Holly Anderson;Penny Coltman;Charlotte Page;Deborah Pino Pasternak;Sanjana Mehta
本文描述了目前在剑桥郡基础阶段进行的一项研究项目，旨在探索幼儿独立学习的发展。在第一年，该项目探索了16名与3-5岁儿童一起工作的实践者的工作，使用了一系列方法，包括问卷调查、访谈和反思对话（基于特定课堂情节的视频记录）、反思日志和儿童评估清单。在与“元认知”能力和性格发展相关的研究和理论中，成为一个自我调节的、独立的学习者所涉及的一系列能力的发展已经被概念化。有人认为，虽然独立学习的发展被普遍认为是一个重要的教育目标，但目前小学教育的趋势是鼓励更多的教师指导的方法，这是没有帮助的。这篇论文提出了一个基于发展心理学研究的独立学习模型，并提出了该项目的中期发现，表明即使是我们最小的孩子在学习上也有相当大的独立性。虽然需要发展特殊的教学技术和方法，但其中许多已经建立和研究，并且可以证明在小学环境中有效地培养独立学习能力。
This paper describes a research project currently running in Cambridgeshire Foundation Stage settings exploring the development of independent learning in young children. In the first year the project has explored the work of 16 practitioners working with 3–5 year old children, using a range of methodologies including questionnaires, interviews and reflective dialogues (based on video recordings of particular classroom episodes), reflective journals and child assessment checklists. The development of the range of abilities involved in becoming a self-regulating, independent learner has been conceptualised in terms of research and theory relating to the development of ‘metacognitive’ abilities and dispositions. It is argued that, while the development of independent learning is generally accepted as an important educational aim, current trends in Primary education which have encouraged a more teacher-directed approach, are not helpful. The paper advances a model of independent learning which is based on developmental psychological research, and presents interim findings from the project which suggest that even our youngest children are capable of considerable independence in their learning. While particular pedagogical techniques and approaches need to be developed, many of these are well-established and researched, and can be shown to be effective in fostering independent learning abilities within the Primary school context.