Current Status of Forensic Lie Detection With the Comparison Question Technique: An Update of the 2003 National Academy of Sciences Report on Polygraph Testing
Current Status of Forensic Lie Detection With the Comparison Question Technique: An Update of the 2003 National Academy of Sciences Report on Polygraph Testing
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DOI：
10.1037/lhb0000307
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发表时间：
2019-02-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Ben-Shakhar, Gershon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Iacono, William G.;Ben-Shakhar, Gershon
自美国国家科学院 (NAS) 发布关于测谎仪测试科学状况的报告以来，已经过去了 15 年。 NAS报告的结论是，比较问题技术（CQT）的科学基础薄弱，现有的研究质量低下，测谎仪行业声称CQT的高精度是没有根据的，而且，尽管CQT的准确性高于偶然性，但其错误率未知。测谎仪的支持者认为，当前的研究表明 CQT 的准确性为 90% 或更高，美国国家科学院国家研究委员会 (2003) 的分析支持这一准确性主张，并且 CQT 有资格作为法律上可接受的科学证据。我们回顾了自 NAS 出版物发表以来出现的科学文献，包括一种估计测谎仪准确性的新方法。我们表明，那些支持在法医环境中使用 CQT 的人歪曲和误解了 NAS 报告。我们的结论是，自 NAS 报告发布以来，研究质量在过去的几年里几乎没有变化，并且该报告的里程碑式结论仍然有效。
Fifteen years have elapsed since a report was released by the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) on the scientific status of polygraph testing. The NAS report concluded that the scientific basis of the comparison question technique (CQT) was weak, the extant research was of low quality, the polygraph profession's claims for the high accuracy of the CQT were unfounded, and, although the CQT has greater than chance accuracy, its error rate is unknown. Polygraph proponents argue that current research indicates that the CQT has 90% or better accuracy, the National Research Council of the National Academy of Sciences' (2003) analysis supports this accuracy claim, and the CQT qualifies as legally admissible scientific evidence. We review the scientific literature that has appeared since the appearance of the NAS publication, including a new method for estimating polygraph accuracy. We show that the NAS report has been misrepresented and misinterpreted by those who support use of the CQT in forensic settings. We conclude that the quality of research has changed little in the years elapsing since the release of the NAS report, and that the report's landmark conclusions still stand.