THE PHYSICS OF PROTOPLANETESIMAL DUST AGGLOMERATES. VII. THE LOW-VELOCITY COLLISION BEHAVIOR OF LARGE DUST AGGLOMERATES

THE PHYSICS OF PROTOPLANETESIMAL DUST AGGLOMERATES. VII. THE LOW-VELOCITY COLLISION BEHAVIOR OF LARGE DUST AGGLOMERATES
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原行星尘埃团块的物理 VII 大尘埃团块的低速碰撞行为

DOI:
10.1088/0004-637x/758/1/35
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发表时间:
2012
期刊:
The Astrophysical Journal
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Seizinger
Seizinger
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Schräpler;Seizinger

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我们进行了微重力碰撞实验,在我们的实验室落塔使用5厘米大小的粉尘团聚体的体积填充因子为0.3和0.4,分别。这项工作是我们以前在Beitz等人报道的实验的延伸。聚集体的质量高出一个数量级以上。粉尘聚集体由微米级的二氧化硅颗粒组成,宏观上是均匀的。我们测量了碰撞速度从1 cm s-1到0.5 m s-1的恢复系数,并确定了碎裂速度。对于低速度,恢复系数随冲击速度的增加而减小,与Beitz等人的研究结果相反。在较高的速度下,恢复系数的值变得恒定,在破碎开始时骨料破碎之前。我们解释的恢复系数的质的变化,从固体为主的颗粒介质为主的行为的过渡。我们补充我们的实验,多孔聚集体的分子动力学模拟,并获得一个合理的匹配的实验数据。我们讨论了我们的实验的重要性,原行星盘,碎片盘,行星环。这项工作是对我们小组以前工作的扩展,并对由于改进的测量、更好的统计和理论方法而引起的恢复系数的速度依赖性提供了新的见解。
We performed micro-gravity collision experiments in our laboratory drop tower using 5 cm sized dust agglomerates with volume filling factors of 0.3 and 0.4, respectively. This work is an extension of our previous experiments reported in Beitz et al. to aggregates of more than one order of magnitude higher masses. The dust aggregates consisted of micrometer-sized silica particles and were macroscopically homogeneous. We measured the coefficient of restitution for collision velocities ranging from 1 cm s− 1 to 0.5 m s− 1, and determined the fragmentation velocity. For low velocities, the coefficient of restitution decreases with increasing impact velocity, in contrast to findings by Beitz et al. At higher velocities, the value of the coefficient of restitution becomes constant, before the aggregates break at the onset of fragmentation. We interpret the qualitative change in the coefficient of restitution as the transition from a solid-body-dominated to a granular-medium-dominated behavior. We complement our experiments by molecular-dynamics simulations of porous aggregates and obtain a reasonable match to the experimental data. We discuss the importance of our experiments for protoplanetary disks, debris disks, and planetary rings. This work is an extension to the previous work of our group and gives new insight into the velocity dependency of the coefficient of restitution due to improved measurements, better statistics, and a theoretical approach.
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