Experiments and evidences: jellyfish (Nemopilema nomurai) decomposing and nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) released
Experiments and evidences: jellyfish (Nemopilema nomurai) decomposing and nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) released
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实验与证据：水母（Nemopilema nomurai）分解并释放营养物质（氮和磷）
DOI：
10.1007/s13131-015-0703-y
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发表时间：
2015-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Qu Baoxiao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li Xuegang;Song Jinming;Ma Qingxia;Li Ning;Yuan Huamao;Duan Liqin;Qu Baoxiao
本研究的目的是在实验室调查巨型水母分解过程中释放的氮和磷，并找到证据来验证水母分解释放的营养物质对野外生态系统的影响。通过一系列实验，在不同的培养条件（例如不同的pH值、盐度值、温度以及氮磷浓度）下，检测了Nemopilema nomurai分解过程中氮和磷的释放。结果表明，Nemopilema nomurai完全分解一般需要4~8 d左右。尽管氮的流出速率比磷高一个数量级，但野村莲分解过程中氮、磷的释放可分为前期和后期两个阶段。野村金毛藻分解初期，海水中溶解氮、溶解磷、总氮、总磷浓度迅速上升，且氮浓度可达到整个降解过程中的最高水平。在分解后期，溶解氮和总氮浓度缓慢下降，而水中磷浓度在降解过程中达到最大值。高pH、低盐度、高温和N/P会促进氮的释放；低pH不利于氮的释放，但有利于磷的释放。此外，我们发现胶州湾水母大量繁殖期间，底层水体中铵态氮和磷酸盐的浓度均高于表层水体，证明水母分解释放的养分对田间氮、磷有显着影响。对于整个黄海来说，水母大量繁殖期间，水母尸体释放的营养物质可达到（2.63±2.98）×107mol/d的溶解氮（DN）和（0.74±0.84）×106mol/d的溶解磷（DP）。这些值与一天的河流输入量相当，但远高于黄海的沉积物-水交换通量。水母死亡和分解期间大量的营养物质必然对黄海的营养平衡产生重大影响。实验数据和现场观察都证明，水母分解过程中可能会向周围环境释放大量的营养物质。
The aim of this study was to investigate nitrogen and phosphorus released in the process of the decomposition of giant jellyfish in the laboratory and found the evidence to verify the influence of nutrients released by the decomposition of jellyfish on the ecosystem in the field. The release of nitrogen and phosphorus from the decomposition ofNemopilema nomuraiwas examined in a series of experiments under different incubation conditions such as different pH values, salinity values, temperatures and nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations. The results showed that the complete decomposition ofNemopilema nomuraigenerally took about 4–8 d. The release of nitrogen and phosphorus from the decomposition ofNemopilema nomuraicould be divided into two stages: the early stage and the later stage, although the efflux rate of nitrogen was one order more than phosphorus. In the early stage of the decomposition ofNemopilema nomurai, the concentrations of dissolved nitrogen, dissolved phosphorus, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in seawater increased rapidly, and the concentration of nitrogen could reach the highest level in the whole degradation process. In the later stage of the decomposition, the concentrations of dissolved nitrogen and total nitrogen declined slowly, while the concentration of phosphorus in water could reach a maximum in the degradation process. High pH, low salinity, high temperature and N/P will promote the release of nitrogen; low pH is unfavorable to the release of nitrogen but favorable to the release of phosphorus. In addition, we found the concentrations of ammonium and phosphate in the bottom water were higher than those in the surface water during the period of jellyfish bloom in the Jiaozhou Bay, proving that nutrients released by the decomposition of jellyfish have significant influence on nitrogen and phosphorus in the field. For the whole Yellow Sea, nutrients released by jellyfish carcasses may reach up to (2.63±2.98)×107mol/d of dissolved nitrogen (DN) and (0.74±0.84)×106mol/d of dissolved phosphorus (DP) during the period of jellyfish bloom. The values are comparable to riverine inputs in a day, but much higher than sediment–water exchange flux in the Yellow Sea. The great amounts of nutrients must have significant influence on the nutrients balance of the Yellow Sea during the period of jellyfish dead and decomposition. Both the experimental data and field observations proved that the decomposition of jellyfish may release a great amount of nutrient to the surrounding environment during the period of jellyfish decomposition.
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影响因子：
2.6
作者：
E. West;D. Welsh;K. Pitt
通讯作者：
E. West;D. Welsh;K. Pitt
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Josefin Titelman;L. Riemann;T. Sørnes;T. Nilsen;Petra Griekspoor;U. Båmstedt
通讯作者：
Josefin Titelman;L. Riemann;T. Sørnes;T. Nilsen;Petra Griekspoor;U. Båmstedt
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2005
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
Jia-hua Cheng
通讯作者：
Jia-hua Cheng
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2012
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
S. Song
通讯作者：
S. Song
影响因子：
1.4
作者：
Q. Fangli
通讯作者：
Q. Fangli