Glioblastoma: To Target the Tumor Cell or the Microenvironment?
Glioblastoma: To Target the Tumor Cell or the Microenvironment?
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DOI：
10.15586/codon.glioblastoma.2017.ch16
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Bergers, Gabriele
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
De Vleeschouwer, Steven;Bergers, Gabriele
实体癌在动态改变的微环境中发展，它们似乎劫持了驻留和浸润的非肿瘤细胞，并利用现有的细胞外基质和间质液为自己的利益服务。胶质母细胞瘤（Glioblastoma， GBM）是恶性程度最高的内在胶质性脑肿瘤，很少在中枢神经系统（CNS）以外的生态位定居。由于GBM的颅外转移发生率低至0.5%，其生长和侵袭似乎需要颅微环境的独特组成。不同的非肿瘤细胞（浸润性和常驻性）、结构和物质构成了一个半保护环境，部分位于众所周知的血脑屏障之后，受益于中枢神经系统相对免疫的特权状态。这给研究人员和临床医生提出了一个特别的挑战，他们试图解决这种疾病，并希望有效地渗透到这种屏蔽环境中，以削弱GBM细胞，并切断它们与上瘾的内陆的联系。在本章中，我们将重点关注GBM如何与其肿瘤微环境（TME）的不同组成部分相互作用，我们如何将这种TME作为对现有治疗的有用贡献，我们如何在我们的理解和与这种环境的相互作用方面取得进一步进展，作为未来更好地控制疾病的关键一步，以及迄今为止已经采取的努力。
Solid cancers develop in dynamically modified microenvironments in which they seem to hijack resident and infiltrating nontumor cells, and exploit existing extracellular matrices and interstitial fluids for their own benefit. Glioblastoma (GBM), the most malignant intrinsic glial brain tumor, hardly -colonizes niches outside the central nervous system (CNS). It seems to need the unique composition of cranial microenvironment for growth and invasion as the incidence of extracranial metastasis of GBM is as low as 0.5%. Different nontumor cells (both infiltrating and resident), structures and substances constitute a semiprotected environment, partially behind the well-known blood-brain barrier, benefitting from the relatively immune privileged state of the CNS. This imposes a particular challenge on researchers and clinicians who try to tackle this disease and desire to penetrate efficiently into this shielded environment to weaken the GBM cells and cut them off from the Hinterland they are addicted to. In this -chapter, we focus on how GBM interacts with the different components of its tumor microenvironment (TME), how we can target this TME as a useful contribution to the existing treatments, how we could make further progress in our understanding and interaction with this environment as a crucial step toward a better disease control in the future, and what efforts have already been taken thus far.