Estimation of global NH3 volatilization loss from synthetic fertilizers and animal manure applied to arable lands and grasslands -: art. no. 1024
Estimation of global NH3 volatilization loss from synthetic fertilizers and animal manure applied to arable lands and grasslands -: art. no. 1024
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DOI：
10.1029/2000gb001389
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发表时间：
2002-05-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Batjes, NH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bouwman, AF;Boumans, LJM;Batjes, NH
[1]作物氮素利用效率低的主要原因之一是肥料中氨的挥发。总结了148篇研究论文中记录的1667个NH3挥发测量数据的信息，以评估作物类型、肥料类型、施用量和方式、温度以及土壤有机碳、质地、pH值对NH3挥发的影响。CEC、测量技术和测量位置。数据集以三种方式汇总：（1）计算上述每一因素的平均值，其中对每份研究论文的研究结果进行同等加权;（2）计算针对所收集数据的不平衡特征进行校正的加权中值;以及（3）通过基于NH3挥发加权中值的线性回归和通过计算全球NH3挥发，使用关于土地利用和土壤的0.5度分辨率数据计算的施肥损失。计算出的全球施用合成氮肥（每年7800万吨N）和动物粪便（每年3300万吨N）的NH3损失中位数分别为14%（10-19%）和23%（19-29%）。在发展中国家，由于高温和尿素、硫酸铵和碳酸氢铵的广泛使用，合成肥料中的NH3挥发损失估计为18%，在工业化国家为7%。据估计，在工业化国家和发展中国家，动物粪便中的NH3损失分别为21%和26%。
[1] One of the main causes of the low efficiency in nitrogen (N) use by crops is the volatilization of ammonia (NH3) from fertilizers. Information taken from 1667 NH3 volatilization measurements documented in 148 research papers was summarized to assess the influence on NH3 volatilization of crop type, fertilizer type, and rate and mode of application and temperature, as well as soil organic carbon, texture, pH, CEC, measurement technique, and measurement location. The data set was summarized in three ways: (1) by calculating means for each of the factors mentioned, in which findings from each research paper were weighted equally; (2) by calculating weighted median values corrected for unbalanced features of the collected data; and (3) by developing a summary model using linear regression based on weighted median values for NH3 volatilization and by calculating global NH3 volatilization losses from fertilizer application using 0.5degrees resolution data on land use and soils. The calculated median NH3 loss from global application of synthetic N fertilizers (78 million tons N per year) and animal manure (33 million tons N per year) amount to 14% (10-19%) and 23% (19-29%), respectively. In developing countries, because of high temperatures and the widespread use of urea, ammonium sulfate, and ammonium bicarbonate, estimated NH3 volatilization loss from synthetic fertilizers amounts to 18%, and in industrialized countries it amounts to 7%. The estimated NH3 loss from animal manure is 21% in industrialized and 26% in developing countries.