Autophagy in the eye: implications for ocular cell health.
Autophagy in the eye: implications for ocular cell health.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.exer.2014.04.010
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发表时间：
2014-07
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Boesze-Battaglia, Kathleen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Frost, Laura S.;Mitchell, Claire H.;Boesze-Battaglia, Kathleen
自噬是一种细胞“吃掉”自己的分解代谢过程，在细胞内稳态中起着关键作用。为了维持正常的细胞功能，自噬通常响应于环境应激和过度的细胞器损伤而上调，以促进聚集的蛋白质的去除。在眼睛中，几乎所有的细胞类型，从构成眼睛前部的角膜的细胞到为眼睛后部的视网膜提供保护屏障的视网膜色素上皮（RPE），都依赖于自噬的一个或多个方面来维持结构和/或正常的生理功能。在透镜中，自噬在透镜纤维细胞成熟和无细胞器区的形成中起关键作用。大量的研究描绘的作用Atg 5，VSP 34以及FYCO 1在维持透镜的透明度进行了讨论。角膜内皮营养不良的特征还在于具有升高水平的自噬蛋白。因此，新的自噬调节剂，如锂和褪黑激素被提出作为这组营养不良的新的治疗策略。此外，我们总结了角膜单纯疱疹病毒（HSV-1）感染如何通过抑制正常的自噬反应来破坏角膜对感染的反应。使用青光眼模型，我们分析了自噬对细胞死亡和细胞存活的相对贡献。自噬的细胞保护作用在感光细胞健康和功能的分析中进一步讨论。我们的分析集中在目前对感光细胞和RPE健康中自噬的理解上，特别是自噬在视杆细胞和视锥细胞中的不同作用以及其在光诱导变性中的保护作用。最后，在RPE中，我们强调混合吞噬-自噬途径。这一全面的综述使我们能够推测自噬各阶段的改变如何导致青光眼和视网膜变性。
Autophagy, a catabolic process by which a cell “eats” itself, turning over its own cellular constituents, plays a key role in cellular homeostasis. In an effort to maintain normal cellular function, autophagy is often up-regulated in response to environmental stresses and excessive organelle damage to facilitate aggregated protein removal. In the eye, virtually all cell types from those comprising the cornea in the front of the eye to the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) providing a protective barrier for the retina at the back of the eye, rely on one or more aspects of autophagy to maintain structure and/or normal physiological function. In the lens autophagy plays a critical role in lens fiber cell maturation and the formation of the organelle free zone. Numerous studies delineating the role of Atg5, Vsp34 as well as FYCO1 in maintenance of lens transparency are discussed. Corneal endothelial dystrophies are also characterized as having elevated levels of autophagic proteins. Therefore, novel modulators of autophagy such as lithium and melatonin are proposed as new therapeutic strategies for this group of dystrophies. In addition, we summarize how corneal Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV-1) infection subverts the cornea’s response to infection by inhibiting the normal autophagic response. Using glaucoma models we analyze the relative contribution of autophagy to cell death and cell survival. The cytoprotective role of autophagy is further discussed in an analysis of photoreceptor cell heath and function. We focus our analysis on the current understanding of autophagy in photoreceptor and RPE health, specifically on the diverse role of autophagy in rods and cones as well as its protective role in light induced degeneration. Lastly, in the RPE we highlight hybrid phagocytosis-autophagy pathways. This comprehensive review allows us to speculate on how alterations in various stages of autophagy contribute to glaucoma and retinal degenerations.
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影响因子：
10.3
作者：
Choi, Seung-Il;Kim, Kyu Seo;Kim, Eung Kweon
通讯作者：
Kim, Eung Kweon
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Damek-Poprawa, Monika;Diemer, Tanja;Boesze-Battaglia, Kathleen
通讯作者：
Boesze-Battaglia, Kathleen
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Chi ZL;Akahori M;Obazawa M;Minami M;Noda T;Nakaya N;Tomarev S;Kawase K;Yamamoto T;Noda S;Sasaoka M;Shimazaki A;Takada Y;Iwata T
通讯作者：
Iwata T
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Athanasiou D;Aguilà M;Bevilacqua D;Novoselov SS;Parfitt DA;Cheetham ME
通讯作者：
Cheetham ME
影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Chen, Jianjun;Ma, Zhiwei;Hejtmancik, J. Fielding
通讯作者：
Hejtmancik, J. Fielding