A tropical bird in the Arctic (the cormorant paradox)
A tropical bird in the Arctic (the cormorant paradox)
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北极的热带鸟类（鸬鹚悖论）
DOI：
10.3354/meps188305
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发表时间：
1999
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
G. Peters
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Grémillet;R. Wilson;S. Wanless;G. Peters
海鸟和所有海洋吸热动物一样，在潜水时必须补偿水的广泛降温效应。在这些动物中，唯一的一种是Cormorants(Phalacrocoracidae)，它们的羽毛是可湿的，据预测，它们需要不成比例的大量食物来平衡热量损失。因此，这些以鱼为食的鸟类被认为对鱼类资源有不利影响。然而，我们在这里表明，即使是来自格陵兰岛的大型鹈鹕，它们在3至7摄氏度的水中潜水，每天的摄食量也低于隔热良好的欧洲海鸟。尽管它们的羽毛是湿润的，但鹈鹕似乎以一种非常有效的方式来管理它们的能量预算。然而，实现这一性能的特定觅食策略使獾依赖于猎物密度较高的区域，这是未来管理计划应考虑的一个特征。
Seabirds, like all marine endotherms, have to compensate for the extensive cooling effect of water when diving. Alone among them, cormorants (Phalacrocoracidae) have a wettable plumage and are predicted to require disproportionately large amounts of food to balance heat losses. These piscivorous birds are thus thought to have a detrimental impact on fish stocks. However, we show here that even in great cormorants from Greenland, which dive in water at 3 to 7°C, daily food intake is lower than for well-insulated European seabirds. Despite their wettable plumage, cormorants thus appear to manage their energy budgets in a remarkably efficient way. Nevertheless, the specific foraging strategies which enable this performance make cormorants dependent on high prey density areas, a feature that should be taken into account by future management plans.