The course of the temporal branch of the facial nerve in the periorbital region.
The course of the temporal branch of the facial nerve in the periorbital region.
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DOI：
10.1053/joms.2001.18271
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发表时间：
2001-02
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
B. Schmidt;M. Pogrel;Z. Hakim-Faal
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Schmidt;M. Pogrel;Z. Hakim-Faal
目的：本研究确定了面神经颞末段和颧末段进入眼轮匝肌的分支，并将这些分支与可识别的表面标记联系起来。材料与方法从5具保存的尸体（10侧）上解剖面神经颞支和颧支。进入眼轮匝肌的颞上支与眼外眦有关。一条垂直线穿过这一点，使这条直线与鼻尖和下巴点等距。通过侧眼角与垂直线垂直的一条线作为水平刻度。通过外眦的垂直线和水平线建立了外眦与进入眼轮匝肌的颞神经分支的解剖关系。结果颞支进入眼轮匝肌时，在外眦上平均为2.85±0.69 cm，在外眦外平均为2.54±0.43 cm。在眼轮匝肌外侧缘颞、颧神经插入肌的位置，颞、颧神经之间的平均垂直距离为1.72±0.62 cm。结论与面神经走行平行的上、下切口可直达颧额线及眶上外侧，且不损伤眶上外侧分支。
PURPOSE This study identified the terminal temporal and zygomatic branches of the facial nerve as they enter the orbicularis oculi muscle and related these branches to identifiable surface markings. MATERIALS AND METHODS The temporal and zygomatic branches of the facial nerve were dissected from 5 preserved cadavers (10 sides). The most superior temporal branch entering the orbicularis oculi muscle was identified and related to the lateral canthus of the eye. A vertical line was passed through this point so that the line was equidistant from the nasal tip and chin point. A line perpendicular to the vertical line through the lateral canthus served as the horizontal scale. Vertical and horizontal lines through the lateral canthus were used to establish the anatomic relationship between the lateral canthus and the branch of the temporal nerve entering the orbicularis oculi muscle. RESULTS The temporal branch was an average of 2.85 +/- 0.69 cm superior to the lateral canthus and an average of 2.54 +/- 0.43 cm lateral to the lateral canthus as it courses into the orbicularis oculi muscle. At the lateral border of the orbicularis oculi muscle, where the temporal and zygomatic nerves insert into the muscle, the mean vertical distance between the temporal and zygomatic nerves was 1.72 +/- 0.62 cm. CONCLUSION Incisions superior or inferior and parallel to the course of the facial nerve, can provide access to the fronto zygomatic suture and the superior and lateral orbit without damaging its branches.