Discrimination of non-native consonant contrasts varying in perceptual assimilation to the listener's native phonological system
Discrimination of non-native consonant contrasts varying in perceptual assimilation to the listener's native phonological system
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DOI：
10.1121/1.1332378
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发表时间：
2001-02-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Goodell, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Best, CT;McRoberts, GW;Goodell, E
经典的非母语语音感知研究结果表明，成年人很难区分在自己的语言中没有对比使用的片段区别。然而，最近的报告表明非原生对比的性能梯度，范围从接近机会到接近天花板。当前的理论模型认为，这种变化反映了母语语音特性经验的系统影响。本研究针对贝斯特感知同化模型 (PAM) 的预测，该模型在预测不同类型非母语对比的辨别水平时，纳入了母语的对比语音和非对比语音影响。我们评估了 PAM 假设，即如果将非母语对比视为在语音上等同于母语对比，则对非母语对比的辨别力应该接近天花板；如果将其视为单个母语辅音的好与差范例之间的语音区别，那么对非母语对比的辨别力应该较低，但仍然相当不错；如果两个非母语片段在语音上与单个母语辅音的拟合度相同，则要低得多。两项实验评估了以英语为母语的人对祖鲁语和提格里尼亚语对比的看法，预计符合这些标准。研究结果支持了 PAM 的预测，并为非母语语音感知中语音、语音和非语言信息的一些感知差异提供了证据。讨论了非母语语音感知的理论意义，并为进一步研究提出了建议。 (C) 2001 年美国声学学会。
Classic non-native speech perception findings suggested that adults have difficulty discriminating segmental distinctions that are not employed contrastively in their own language. However, recent reports indicate a gradient of performance across non-native contrasts, ranging from near-chance to near-ceiling. Current theoretical models argue that such variations reflect systematic effects of experience with phonetic properties of native speech. The present research addressed predictions from Best's perceptual assimilation model (PAM), which incorporates both contrastive phonological and noncontrastive phonetic influences from the native language in its predictions about discrimination levels for diverse types of non-native contrasts. We evaluated the PAM hypotheses that discrimination of a non-native contrast should be near-ceiling if perceived as phonologically equivalent to a native contrast, lower though still quite good if perceived as a phonetic distinction between good versus poor exemplars of a single native consonant, and much lower if both non-native segments are phonetically equivalent in goodness of fit to a single native consonant. Two experiments assessed native English speakers' perception of Zulu and Tigrinya contrasts expected to fit those criteria. Findings supported the PAM predictions, and provided evidence for some perceptual differentiation of phonological, phonetic, and nonlinguistic information in perception of non-native speech. Theoretical implications for non-native speech perception are discussed, and suggestions are made for further research. (C) 2001 Acoustical Society of America.