Income inequality and the Great Recession in Central and Eastern Europe
Income inequality and the Great Recession in Central and Eastern Europe
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ecosys.2017.07.003
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发表时间：
2018-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Brzezinski, Michal
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Brzezinski, Michal
本文使用欧盟收入和生活条件统计数据（EU-SILC）的数据来研究大衰退（2008-2012）期间中欧和东欧收入不平等的变化及其决定因素。使用基于重入影响函数（RIF）方法的类似瓦哈卡布林德的分解分析对不平等的变化进行分解，该方法允许将不平等的总体变化分解为与不平等协变量分布变化相关的禀赋效应和系数效应，后者与这些协变量的收益变化有关。我们的研究结果显示，2008年至2012年间，保加利亚、爱沙尼亚、匈牙利和斯洛文尼亚的可支配收入基尼系数在统计上显著上升。对于大多数不平等显著加剧的国家来说，全职就业率的下降在解释不平等变化方面发挥了最大的作用，约占可支配收入基尼系数变化的50-60%，约占市场收入基尼系数变化的60-80%。全职就业率的下降对匈牙利可支配收入的不平等加剧影响较小（约占基尼系数增长的15%）。经济衰退期间兼职就业的增加要么对不平等没有影响，要么反而减少了不平等。我们没有发现临时工作发生率的变化对收入不平等有任何影响的证据。
This paper uses data from the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) to study changes in income inequality in Central and Eastern Europe during the Great Recession (2008-2012) and its determinants. Changes in inequality are decomposed using an Oaxaca-Blinder-like decomposition analysis based on the Recentered Influence Function (RIF) methodology, which allows splitting the overall change in inequality into endowment effects associated with changes in the distribution of inequality covariates and coefficient effects, which are related to changing returns to these covariates. Our results show that the Gini for disposable incomes has increased in a statistically significant way over 2008-2012 for Bulgaria, Estonia, Hungary and Slovenia. For most of the countries with significant increases in inequality, a falling full-time employment rate played the biggest role in explaining changes in inequality, accounting for about 50-60% of the Gini change for disposable incomes and about 60-80% of the Gini change for market incomes. The fall in the full-time employment rate had a smaller inequality-increasing effect for disposable incomes in Hungary (about 15% of the Gini increase). Increased part-time employment during the recession had either no impact on inequality or was rather inequality-decreasing. We did not find evidence that changes in the incidence of temporary jobs had any impact on income inequality.