Kinetic depth effect and identification of shape.
Kinetic depth effect and identification of shape.
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动力学深度效应和形状识别。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1989
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Landy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Sperling;M. Landy
我们介绍了一个客观的形状识别任务，用于测量动力学深度效应（KDE）。由300个随机定位的点定义了一个刚性旋转的表面，该表面由平坦地面上的山丘和山谷组成。在每次试验中，呈现53种形状中的1种;观察者的任务是识别形状及其整体旋转方向。识别精度是一个客观的衡量标准，具有较低的猜测基础率的观察者的感知能力，通过KDE从2D运动中提取3D结构。(1)客观的准确性数据与先前获得的深度和连贯性的主观评级判断是一致的。(2)沿着运动提示，旋转真实的3D点定义形状不可避免地产生改变点密度的提示。通过缩短点寿命来控制点密度，我们表明改变密度既不是必要的，也不足以解释精度;运动本身就足够了。(3)我们的形状任务是可以解决的运动线索从6个最相关的位置。我们从这些位置中提取点，并将它们用于具有6个感知平坦流场的简化2D方向标记运动任务中。受试者在2D和3D任务中的表现相当，这表明KDE的信息处理能力不是唯一的。(4)我们提出的结构从运动算法的形状任务首先找到相对最小值和最大值的局部速度，然后分配3D深度成比例的速度。
We introduce an objective shape-identification task for measuring the kinetic depth effect (KDE). A rigidly rotating surface consisting of hills and valleys on an otherwise flat ground was defined by 300 randomly positioned dots. On each trial, 1 of 53 shapes was presented; the observer's task was to identify the shape and its overall direction of rotation. Identification accuracy was an objective measure, with a low guessing base rate of the observer's perceptual ability to extract 3D structure from 2D motion via KDE. (1) Objective accuracy data were consistent with previously obtained subjective rating judgments of depth and coherence. (2) Along with motion cues, rotating real 3D dot-defined shapes inevitably produced a cue of changing dot density. By shortening dot lifetimes to control dot density, we showed that changing density was neither necessary nor sufficient to account for accuracy; motion alone sufficed. (3) Our shape task was solvable with motion cues from the 6 most relevant locations. We extracted the dots from these locations and used them in a simplified 2D direction-labeling motion task with 6 perceptually flat flow fields. Subjects' performance in the 2D and 3D tasks was equivalent, indicating that the information processing capacity of KDE is not unique. (4) Our proposed structure-from-motion algorithm for the shape task first finds relative minima and maxima of local velocity and then assigns 3D depths proportional to velocity.