Shared orthographic neuronal representations for spelling and reading.
Shared orthographic neuronal representations for spelling and reading.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.12.054
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发表时间：
2017-02-15
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Eden GF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Purcell JJ;Jiang X;Eden GF
研究书面语言的神经基础的一个中心问题是，阅读和拼写是否使用共享的拼写表示法。虽然最近使用功能磁共振成像来测试这个问题的研究报告说，在同一受试者的拼写和阅读过程中，左额下回(IFG)和腹侧枕颞叶皮质(VOTC)都很活跃，但功能磁共振成像的空间分辨率限制了对这些发现的解释。具体地说，目前尚不清楚为阅读而编码正字法的神经元是否也参与了相同单词的拼写。在这里，我们通过使用事件相关功能磁共振成像-适应(fMRI-A)范式来解决这个问题，该范式旨在检查拼写和阅读中共享的正字法表征。首先，我们确定了独立地表现出对阅读和拼写的适应的区域。然后，我们通过联合分析确定了这两个独立地图的空间收敛。与以前的研究一致，这一分析揭示了左侧背侧IFG、vOTC和辅助运动区。为了进一步验证这些观察，我们随后使用跨任务适应技术询问了这些区域，并在左侧背侧IFG(BA 44/9)中发现了跨阅读和拼写的适应。我们的最终分析特别集中在vOTC中的视觉词形区域(VWFA)，它在受试者之间的位置变化需要使用特定于受试者的识别机制。使用功能定位器进行阅读，我们定义了每个受试者的VWFA，并分别在拼写和阅读条件下以及在拼写和阅读条件下发现了顺应效应。由于在语音/语义控制条件下没有观察到这些效应，我们得出结论，左侧背侧IFG和VWFA参与了拼写和阅读的相同正字法特定表征的获取。
A central question in the study of the neural basis of written language is whether reading and spelling utilize shared orthographic representations. While recent studies employing fMRI to test this question report that the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and ventral occipitotemporal cortex (vOTC) are active during both spelling and reading in the same subjects, the spatial resolution of fMRI limits the interpretation of these findings. Specifically, it is unknown if the neurons which encode orthography for reading are also involved in spelling of the same words. Here we address this question by employing an event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging-adaptation (fMRI-A) paradigm designed to examine shared orthographic representations across spelling and reading. First, we identified areas that independently showed adaptation to reading, and adaptation to spelling. Then we identified spatial convergence for these two separate maps via a conjunction analysis. Consistent with previous studies, this analysis revealed the left dorsal IFG, vOTC and supplementary motor area. To further validate these observations, we then interrogated these regions using an across-task adaptation technique, and found adaptation across reading and spelling in the left dorsal IFG (BA 44/9). Our final analysis focused specifically on the Visual Word Form Area (VWFA) in the vOTC, whose variability in location among subjects requires the use of subject-specific identification mechanisms. Using a functional localizer for reading, we defined the VWFA in each subject, and found adaptation effects for both within the spelling and reading conditions, respectively, as well as across spelling and reading. Because none of these effects were observed during a phonological/semantic control condition, we conclude that the left dorsal IFG and VWFA are involved in accessing the same orthography-specific representations for spelling and reading.