Microbursts: a hazard for aircraft
Microbursts: a hazard for aircraft
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微爆：对飞机的危害
作者：
P. Linden;J. Simpson
近年来，微爆炸被认为是造成多起飞机事故的原因。我们在这里报告的实验室实验表明，当密集流体的下降柱到达地面并开始水平扩散时，在流出空气的前缘形成一个具有水平轴的强烈漩涡。涡的强度是由于前缘长度的快速拉伸导致涡度的增加。这种水平涡旋及其相关的上升气流和下降气流的特性与在微爆中发现的特性一致，而微爆在飞机起飞或降落时对飞机构成严重威胁。
Microbursts are believed to have been responsible for several aircraft accidents in recent years. We report here laboratory experiments which show that when a descending column of dense fluid reaches the ground and begins to spread out horizontally, an intense vortex with a horizontal axis forms at the leading edge of the outflowing air. The intensity of this vortex results from the increase in vorticity due to the rapid stretching of the length of the leading edge. The properties of such a horizontal vortex with its associated updrafts and downdrafts are consistent with those found in microbursts which are a severe hazard to aircraft when taking-off or landing.