Osteological Variation among Extreme Morphological Forms in the Mexican Salamander Genus Chiropterotriton (Amphibia: Plethodontidae): Morphological Evolution And Homoplasy.
Osteological Variation among Extreme Morphological Forms in the Mexican Salamander Genus Chiropterotriton (Amphibia: Plethodontidae): Morphological Evolution And Homoplasy.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0127248
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Wake DB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Darda DM;Wake DB
在墨西哥蝾螈属Chiropterotriton的四个最具特色的物种之间和内部记录了骨骼学变化。分析的数据是一致的属和文件以前未记录的种内和种间变异的单系状态。大多数记录的变异涉及质量和数量的比例差异，但四个固定的差异构成了自形状态，确认和诊断一些物种（C。dimidiatus、C. magnipes）。分析了15个特征的骨骼学变化，并根据以下四种假设进行了预测：1）生殖，2）对特定栖息地的适应（四种物种包括穴居、陆生和树栖形式），3）无大小形状，4）大小。高水平的种内变异表明，研究的字符不受严格的功能限制，在蝾螈，无论大小。根据这四种翼手龙之间的大小差异，假设预测的模式与观察到的相对头骨稳健性模式最接近。由于大小的变化和heterochrony往往与plethodontid的进化，它很可能是在发育时间的变化发挥了作用，在这些形态多样的类群之间的形态过渡。蹼足、小型化、身体形状和不寻常的跗骨排列是翼手翼龙种的形态学特征，这些特征与其他热带plethodontids的分支是同源的。虽然蝾螈广泛的同质性可能被视为解开系统发育假说的一个障碍，但似乎是这种同质性的基础的同源发育系统可能揭示了共同和一致的进化过程。
Osteological variation is recorded among and within four of the most distinctive species of the Mexican salamander genus Chiropterotriton. Analysis of the data is consistent with the monophyletic status of the genus and documents previously unrecorded intraspecific and interspecific variation. Most of the recorded variation involves qualitative and quantitative proportional differences, but four fixed differences constitute autapomorphic states that affirm and diagnose some species (C. dimidiatus, C. magnipes). Osteological variation in 15 characters is analyzed with respect to predictions generated from four hypotheses: 1) phylogeny, 2) adaptation to specific habitats (the four species include cave-dwelling, terrestrial, and arboreal forms), 3) size-free shape, and 4) size. High levels of intraspecific variation suggest that the characters studied are not subject to rigid functional constraints in salamanders, regardless of size. The pattern predicted by the hypothesis based on size differences seen among these four Chiropterotriton species matches most closely the observed pattern of relative skull robustness. Since size change and heterochrony are often associated in plethodontid evolution, it is likely that changes in developmental timing play a role in the morphological transitions among these morphologically diverse taxa. Webbed feet, miniaturization, body shape, and an unusual tarsal arrangement are morphologies exhibited in species of Chiropterotrition that are shown to be homoplastic with other clades of tropical plethodontids. Although extensive homoplasy in salamanders might be seen as a roadblock to unraveling phylogenetic hypotheses, the homologous developmental systems that appear to underlie such homoplasy may reveal common and consistent evolutionary processes at work.
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影响因子：
1.5
作者：
HANKEN, J
通讯作者：
HANKEN, J
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0710216105
发表时间：
2007-12-18
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Jaekel, Martin;Wake, David B.
通讯作者：
Wake, David B.
DOI：
10.1007/978-94-017-9412-1_4
发表时间：
2015-01-01
期刊：
CONCEPTUAL CHANGE IN BIOLOGY: SCIENTIFIC AND PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVES ON EVOLUTION AND DEVELOPMENT
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hanken, James
通讯作者：
Hanken, James
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
ALBERCH, P
通讯作者：
ALBERCH, P
影响因子：
1.5
作者：
GREEN, DM;ALBERCH, P
通讯作者：
ALBERCH, P