Simulating the physician as healthcare manager: An innovative course to train for the manager role
Simulating the physician as healthcare manager: An innovative course to train for the manager role
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DOI：
10.3205/zma001040
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Dimitriadis, Konstantinos
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gradel, Maximilian;Moder, Stefan;Dimitriadis, Konstantinos
简介：在正式学习期间，医学生获得了广泛的医学专业知识。然而，医疗行业需要额外的能力，如参与有效的资源分配，企业管理，开发，组织和医疗保健系统的流程管理。目前，学生们对医生作为管理者的角色还没有做好充分的准备。作为回应，我们设计了研讨会课程，MeCuM-SiGma，向医学生传授有关医疗保健政策和管理的基本知识。本项目报告描述了我们的教学策略和对该教育项目的初步评估。项目描述：在2010年推出的为期一个学期的研讨课程中，医学生在学习基本管理技能的同时，还积累了上述能力的经验。该课程提供每个冬季学期，学生自愿报名参加;课程协调和组织是由医生和指导办公室（MeCuM-Mentor）的员工在德国慕尼黑的路德维希马克西米利安大学（LMU）医学院自愿完成的。该课程面向所有就读于慕尼黑两所医学院的学生。在这个选修课的第一部分，学生了解德国政治和医疗保健系统的基本原则，问题-在课程的第二部分，学生将扮演大学医院董事会和监事会的角色，作为一个团队在一个医院项目的范围内，仿真该课程的这一阶段伴随着与大学和校外合作伙伴合作开展的研讨会，这些合作伙伴解决了程序性学习目标（团队合作，项目管理，谈判策略等）。一个合适的，真正的问题，目前面临的医院是事先选定的课程组织者与医院的执行委员会协调。然后，学生在导师的监督下和医院工作人员的协助下，在课程的第三阶段和最后阶段研究这个问题。在课程结束时，学生正式向医院的执行和监督委员会提交他们的工作成果。结果：课程经历了书面学生评估，一轮口头反馈，最终项目的评估，以及医院执行和监督委员会的反馈。到目前为止，所有与会者都报告说，在一般知识和增加有关医疗保健系统的知识，并评价课程的相关性是高的实质性收获。大多数人认为这些内容对他们未来的医学实践很重要。总的来说，学生们对课程的评价非常积极[6分制的总体评分（1=优秀; 6=不满意）：1.28（平均值）+/- 0.45（标准差）]。讨论：在医学学位课程中，医生作为医疗机构的管理者和医疗系统的指导力量的重要性被忽视了。我们的研讨会课程试图解决这一缺陷，是非常感兴趣的对象，并收到研讨会参与者，我们的合作伙伴和慕尼黑大学医院的执行和监督委员会的积极评价。
Introduction: During their formal studies medical students acquire extensive medical expertise. However, the medical profession demands additional competencies, such as those involved in efficient resource allocation, business administration, development, organization, and process management in the healthcare system. At present students are not sufficiently prepared for the physician's role as manager. In response, we designed the seminar course, MeCuM-SiGma, to impart basic knowledge about healthcare policy and management to students of medicine. This project report describes our teaching strategies and the initial evaluation of this educational project.Project description: In this semester-long, seminar course introduced in 2010, medical students gather experience with the competencies mentioned above as well as learn basic management skills. The course is offered each winter semester, and students sign up to attend voluntarily; course coordination and organization is done on a voluntary basis by physicians and employees of the Mentoring Office (MeCuM-Mentor) at the Medical School of the Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU) in Munich, Germany. The course is open to all students enrolled at the two medical schools in Munich. During the first part of this elective, students learn about the basic principles of the German political and healthcare systems in case-based, problem-based tutorials led by trained tutors and in lectures held by experts.In the second part of the course students take on the roles of the University Hospital's executive board of directors and supervisory board to work on an existing hospital project as a group within the scope of a simulation. This phase of the course is accompanied by workshops conducted in cooperation with university-based and off-campus partners that address the procedural learning objectives (teamwork, project management, negotiation strategies, etc.).A suitable, authentic issue currently facing the hospital is selected in advance by the course organizers in coordination with the hospital's executive board. Students then work on this issue in the third and final phase of the course under the supervision of tutors and with assistance from hospital employees. At the end of the course the students formally present the results of their work to the hospital's executive and supervisory boards.Results: The course undergoes written student evaluation, a round of oral feedback, evaluation of the final projects, and feedback from the hospital's executive and supervisory boards. All attendees to date have reported a substantial gain in general knowledge and increased knowledge about the healthcare system, and rate the relevance of the course as being high. The majority felt the content was important for their future practice of medicine. Overall, students evaluated the course very positively [ overall rating on a six-point grading scale (1=excellent; 6=unsatisfactory): 1.28 (mean)+/- 0.45 (standard deviation)].Discussion: The importance of the physician's role as manager in medical organizations and as a guiding force in the healthcare system is neglected in medical degree programs. Our seminar course attempts to address this shortcoming, is the object of great interest and receives positive evaluations from seminar participants, our cooperative partners and the executive and supervisory boards of the University Hospital in Munich.