International trends in adolescent nutrition
International trends in adolescent nutrition
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DOI：
10.1016/s0277-9536(00)00074-5
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发表时间：
2000-09-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Schneider, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schneider, D
本文通过回顾来自世界各地的英语索引期刊和在线资源的文献，解决了青少年营养的国际趋势。信息按地理区域和区域内的国家呈现。文献表明，营养不良仍然是全世界青少年的一个重大问题，但影响这一群体的营养问题类型在过去二十年中发生了重大变化。虽然有营养不良和消瘦的报告，但这些情况以及生长迟缓似乎正在减少。在发达国家，实现扭曲的身体形象的社会压力正在某些青少年群体中造成富裕的营养不良。全世界青少年中肥胖的流行率似乎在上升，这是由于普遍向富含脂肪的饮食过渡以及体育活动的减少，尤其是在城市青少年中。这些趋势具有国际重要性，因为它们意味着世界将看到这一青少年群体的寿命朝着更长的方向转变，随着年龄的增长，慢性病的患病率也随之增加。由此导致的流行病学转变可能喜忧参半。它可能产生更大、更健康的国际劳动力，但随着慢性病患者对保健和支助服务的需求增加，它也有可能成为一个严重负担。为了防止未来国际经济对医疗保健的过度需求，在文化上适当的营养教育项目的饮食建议需要成为国家的优先事项。(C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd.版权所有。
This paper addresses international trends in adolescent nutrition by reviewing the literature from English-language indexed journals and online sources from around the world. Information is presented by geographic region and by nation within region. The literature shows that malnutrition remains a significant problem for adolescents, worldwide, but that the types of nutritional problems impacting this group have changed significantly over the past two decades. While undernutrition and wasting are reported, these conditions, as well as growth stunting, seem to be on the decline. In developed countries, social pressures to achieve a distorted body image are creating a malnutrition of affluence among some groups of adolescents. There appears to be an increasing prevalence of obesity among adolescents worldwide, explained by widespread nutrition transitions to lipid-rich diets and a decrease in physical activity, especially among urban adolescents. These trends are of international importance as they imply the world will see a shift towards longer life spans for this adolescent cohort, with a concomitant increase in the prevalence of chronic diseases as it ages. The epidemiologic transition that will result may be a mixed blessing. It is likely to produce a larger and healthier international workforce, but it also has the potential of becoming a serious burden as demands for health care and support services for those with chronic diseases increase. To prevent inordinate health care demands on the international economy in the future, dietary recommendations with nutritional education programs that are culturally appropriate need to become national priorities. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.