Chemical composition of the epicuticular and intracuticular wax layers on adaxial sides of Rosa canina leaves
Chemical composition of the epicuticular and intracuticular wax layers on adaxial sides of Rosa canina leaves
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DOI：
10.1093/aob/mcm255
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发表时间：
2007-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Jetter, Reinhard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Buschhaus, Christopher;Herz, Hubert;Jetter, Reinhard
蜡质角质层是蔷薇科植物上许多食草性和病原性生物的第一接触点。以前的研究已经报道了从玫瑰叶的两侧组合的蜡提取物的平均组成。最近，分别测定了犬蔷薇叶片近轴面和远轴面蜡质的组成。本文首次报道了犬蔷薇叶表皮和表皮内蜡质层的组成。所描述的方法，使确定哪些化合物是真正可用的植物-有机体interactions.Methods的表面上的粘合剂被用来机械剥离的上表皮蜡从近轴叶表面和去除目视确认使用扫描电子显微镜。在去除表皮蜡之后，然后使用标准化学提取分离表皮内蜡。气相色谱法，火焰离子化检测器和质谱法被用来识别和量化的化合物中分离的蜡mixtures.Key Results的epicuticular蜡含有较高浓度的烷烃和烷基酯，但较低浓度的伯醇和烯醇相比，intracuticular蜡。此外，这些化合物类的平均链长较高的表皮蜡。仲醇类化合物仅存在于上表皮层中，而三萜类化合物主要存在于表皮内wax.Conclusions犬蔷薇叶的表皮和表皮内蜡层的组成存在梯度。这种梯度可能是由极性差异引起的，部分是由链长的差异引起的。叶际的外蜡层显示出独特的蜡化合物组成。现在可以探讨这种梯度的生态后果。
Background and Aims The waxy cuticle is the first point of contact for many herbivorous and pathogenic organisms on rose plants. Previous studies have reported the average composition of the combined wax extract from both sides of rose leaves. Recently, the compositions of the waxes on the adaxial and abaxial surfaces of Rosa canina leaves were determined separately. In this paper, a first report is made on the compositions of the epicuticular and intracuticular wax layers of Rosa canina leaves. The methods described enable the determination of which compounds are truly available at the surface for plant-organism interactions.Methods An adhesive was used to mechanically strip the epicuticular wax from the adaxial leaf surface and the removal was visually confirmed using scanning electron microscopy. After the epicuticular wax had been removed, the intracuticular wax was then isolated using standard chemical extraction. Gas chromatography, flame ionization detection and mass spectrometry were used to identify and quantify compounds in the separated wax mixtures.Key Results The epicuticular wax contained higher concentrations of alkanes and alkyl esters but lower concentrations of primary alcohols and alkenols when compared to the intracuticular wax. In addition, the average chain lengths of these compound classes were higher in the epicuticular wax. Secondary alcohols were found only in the epicuticular layer while triterpenoids were restricted mainly to the intracuticular wax.Conclusions A gradient exists between the composition of the epi- and intracuticular wax layers of Rosa canina leaves. This gradient may result from polarity differences, in part caused by differences in chain lengths. The outer wax layer accessible to the phyllosphere showed a unique composition of wax compounds. The ecological consequences from such a gradient may now be probed.