TYROSINE METABOLISM FOR INSECT CUTICLE TANNING
TYROSINE METABOLISM FOR INSECT CUTICLE TANNING
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DOI：
10.1002/arch.940060406
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发表时间：
1987-12-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
HOPKINS, TL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
KRAMER, KJ;HOPKINS, TL
昆虫通过发展多功能的外骨骼和皮肤，已经成为多样性和数量最成功的动物群体之一，这些外骨骼和皮肤必须定期脱落，以便它们生长和发育成成虫。进化选择某些结构材料来组装和稳定具有显着机械和化学性质的角质层，使昆虫能够入侵陆地环境，并在地质历史相对早期进化出分散的飞行机制。衍生自酪氨酸的双酚化合物在新角质层的硬化或晒黑中起核心作用。酚类氨基酸在幼虫进食期间被储存，并且被动员用于生产被运输到角质层中的结构蛋白和双酚鞣前体。后一种化合物渗透角质层，并作为喹啉衍生物的前体，使外骨骼硬化和着色。这份报告的重点是如何酪氨酸和衍生的双酚结构被存储为非活性分子在蜕皮前期阶段，以及它们是如何被释放和代谢的鞣制化学品，稳定新的角质层。
Insects have become one of the most successful animal groups in diversity and numbers through the development of a multifunctional exoskeleton and skin, which must be shed periodically in order for them to grow and develop into adults. The evolutionary choice of certain structural materials for the assembly and stabilization of a cuticle with remarkable mechanical and chemical properties has allowed insects to invade terrestrial environments and to evolve flight mechanics for dispersion relatively early in geological history. Diphenolic compounds derived from tyrosine play a central role in sclerotization or tanning of the new cuticle. The phenolic amino acid is stored during larval feeding, and it is mobilized for the production of both structural proteins and diphenolic tanning precursors that are transported into the cuticle. The latter compounds permeate the cuticle and serve as precursors for quinonoid derivatives that both sclerotize and pigment the exoskeleton. This report focuses on how tyrosine and derived diphenolic structures are stored as inactive molecules in preecdysial stages, and how they are released and metabolized to tanning chemicals that stabilize the new cuticle.