Bilingualism enriches the poor: enhanced cognitive control in low-income minority children.
Bilingualism enriches the poor: enhanced cognitive control in low-income minority children.
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DOI：
10.1177/0956797612443836
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Bialystok E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Engel de Abreu PM;Cruz-Santos A;Tourinho CJ;Martin R;Bialystok E
本研究探讨了与双语执行功能相关的认知优势是否延伸到受贫困挑战的年轻移民儿童，如果是这样，哪些特定的过程受影响最大。在这里报道的研究中，40名来自卢森堡低收入移民家庭的葡萄牙语-卢森堡语双语儿童和40名来自葡萄牙的单语儿童完成了工作记忆，抽象推理，选择性注意和干扰抑制的视觉空间测试。执行功能的两个广泛的认知因素--表征（抽象推理和工作记忆）和控制（选择性注意和干扰抑制）--出现在主成分分析中。虽然没有代表性的组间差异，双语者的表现显着优于单语者在控制。这些结果表明，第一，双语优势既不混淆，也不受社会经济和文化因素的限制，第二，执行功能的可分离方面受到双语的不同影响。双语优势在于控制，而不是在视觉空间表征过程。
This study explores whether the cognitive advantage associated with bilingualism in executive functioning extends to young immigrant children challenged by poverty and, if it does, which specific processes are most affected. In the study reported here, 40 Portuguese-Luxembourgish bilingual children from low-income immigrant families in Luxembourg and 40 matched monolingual children from Portugal completed visuospatial tests of working memory, abstract reasoning, selective attention, and interference suppression. Two broad cognitive factors of executive functioning—representation (abstract reasoning and working memory) and control (selective attention and interference suppression)—emerged from principal component analysis. Whereas there were no group differences in representation, the bilinguals performed significantly better than did the monolinguals in control. These results demonstrate, first, that the bilingual advantage is neither confounded with nor limited by socioeconomic and cultural factors and, second, that separable aspects of executive functioning are differentially affected by bilingualism. The bilingual advantage lies in control but not in visuospatial representational processes.
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DOI：
10.1177/1529100610387084
发表时间：
2009-12-01
影响因子：
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作者：
Bialystok, Ellen;Craik, Fergus I M;Gollan, Tamar H
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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DOI：
10.1044/1092-4388(2008/07-0210
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2008-12-01
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
3.6
作者：
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DOI：
10.1080/13670050.2011.652591
发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
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通讯作者：
Bialystok, Ellen