Beyond risk, resilience, and dysregulation: Phenotypic plasticity and human development
Beyond risk, resilience, and dysregulation: Phenotypic plasticity and human development
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DOI：
10.1017/s095457941300059x
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发表时间：
2013-11-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Pluess, Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Belsky, Jay;Pluess, Michael
我们为以下观点提供了理论和经验基础：发育可塑性存在个体差异，表型可塑性本身就应该是一个研究对象。为了推进这一论点，我们首先强调进化思维对发展科学和精神病理学构成的挑战，包括对素质-压力框架的挑战，该框架(卓有成效地)引导了如此多关于发育风险、韧性和失调的经验性研究。在奠定了这个基础之后，我们提出了差异易感性假说需要注意的一系列问题，同时强调了仅在过去几年出现的与所提出的一些问题相关的发现。尽管很明显，这种关于人与环境相互作用的新视角正在刺激研究，并影响假设的框架和数据的解释，但仍有许多课题需要实证研究。我们的目的是鼓励发育和精神病理学的学生将表型可塑性视为个体差异的结构，同时探索差异-易感性方程中的未知数。
We provide a theoretical and empirical basis for the claim that individual differences exist in developmental plasticity and that phenotypic plasticity should be a subject of study in its own right. To advance this argument, we begin by highlighting challenges that evolutionary thinking poses for a science of development and psychopathology, including for the diathesis-stress framework that has (fruitfully) guided so much empirical inquiry on developmental risk, resilience, and dysregulation. With this foundation laid, we raise a series of issues that the differential-susceptibility hypothesis calls attention to, while highlighting findings that have emerged over just the past several years and are pertinent to some of the questions posed. Even though it is clear that this new perspective on Person x Environment interaction is stimulating research and influencing how hypotheses are framed and data interpreted, a great many topics remain that need empirical attention. Our intention is to encourage students of development and psychopathology to treat phenotypic plasticity as an individual-difference construct while exploring unknowns in the differential-susceptibility equation.