Use of cnidae in taxonomy: implications from a study of Acrozoanthus australiae (Hexacorallia, Zoanthidea)
Use of cnidae in taxonomy: implications from a study of Acrozoanthus australiae (Hexacorallia, Zoanthidea)
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刺胞动物科在分类学中的应用：Acrozoanthus australiae（Hexacorallia，Zoanthidea）研究的启示
DOI：
10.1080/0022293031000155179
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发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
0.8
通讯作者：
J. Lancaster
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Ryland;Muriel M. Brasseur;J. Lancaster
自1900年以来，刺蛾科一直被用于六角珊瑚分类，但它们在物种水平上的价值仍然存在争议。描述中给出的数据一般是刺胞纲类型、它们的分布和以范围（最大值和最小值）表示的胶囊大小。最近，测量刺胞囊，作为人口，已被雇用。我们对从从芽到成熟息肉等游动动物中提取的水蚤科进行了采样，分析了从澳大利亚顶棘水蚤的两个群落中采集的133个样本中的28300个随机测量的蒴果长度和宽度，其中一个来自澳大利亚昆士兰州，另一个来自印度尼西亚。使用图像分析，我们测量了大holotrichs，microbasic b-mastigophores和p-mastigophores，basitrichs缺席。长度的变异系数低于宽度。高达12%的样本分布是非正态的，这取决于所采用的检验，但没有一致的偏离正态性的模式。50的样本量被认为足以计算平均值和方差，但需要更大（与目前的做法相反）才能准确估计范围。此外，一些范围相对于样本平均值不对称。缺乏比较范围的统计方法，因此必须始终包括样本大小、平均值和方差测量。胶囊的大小往往不同显着沿着的触角和细丝的长度，他们也表现出显着差异的息肉在一个殖民地内，有时明确与息肉的大小。它建议（基于大小的频率分布是右偏或双峰），新的芽可能包含残留的cnidae来自父水螅以及其他已分化在原位。虽然长度似乎是最有用的胶囊描述符，但双变量（宽度：长度）散点图提供了胶囊大小的简明总结，还显示了刺胞类型和来源。我们对未来的实践提出了一些建议。
Cnidae have been used in hexacoral taxonomy since 1900 but their value at species-level remains controversial. Data given in descriptions have generally been cnida types, their distribution, and capsule sizes presented as ranges (maxima and minima). More recently, measurements of cnida capsules, treated as populations, have been employed. Sampling cnidae extracted from zooids ranging from buds to full-grown polyps, we have analysed 28 300 random measurements of capsule length and width in 133 samples taken from two colonies of the zoanthid Acrozoanthus australiae, one from Queensland, Australia, and one from Indonesia. Using image analysis we measured large holotrichs, microbasic b-mastigophores and p-mastigophores, basitrichs being absent. Length has a lower coefficient of variation than width. Up to 12% of sample distributions were non-normal, depending on the test employed, but there was no consistent pattern of departure from normality. Sample sizes of 50 are regarded as adequate for the calculation of means and variances but need to be larger (contrary to current practice) for an accurate estimation of range. Moreover, some ranges were asymmetrical with respect to the sample mean. Statistical methods for comparing ranges are lacking, so sample size, mean and a measure of variance must always be included. Capsule sizes often differed significantly along the length of tentacles and filaments; they also showed significant differences between polyps within a colony, sometimes clearly correlated with polyp size. It is suggested (based on size frequency distributions that are right skewed or bimodal) that new buds may contain residual cnidae derived from the parent polyp as well as others that have differentiated in situ. Though length appears to be the most useful capsule descriptor, bivariate (width: length) scattergrams provide a concise summary of capsule size, also displaying cnida type and source. We make several recommendations for future practice.