Beyond species richness: an empirical test of top predators as surrogates for functional diversity and endemism
Beyond species richness: an empirical test of top predators as surrogates for functional diversity and endemism
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超越物种丰富度：对顶级捕食者作为功能多样性和特有现象替代品的实证检验
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发表时间：
2015
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通讯作者：
K. Martin
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作者：
J. Ibarra;K. Martin
使用替代物种监测目标生物多样性的状况，在经历特殊的栖息地丧失的地区，需要扩展传统的评估替代分类多样性验证功能多样性的替代品。这种验证对于了解更广泛的生态系统过程和稳定性至关重要。我们比较了栖息地专家棕腿猫头鹰（条纹）和栖息地通才南方侏儒猫头鹰（Glaucidium nana）的代孕可靠性，我们研究了潜在的潜在机制，在安第斯温带森林，智利南部的全球生物多样性热点的代孕关系。在2011-2013年期间，我们在101个地点进行了1，145次猫头鹰调查，505次植被调查和505次鸟类点样带调查，包括从退化的森林栖息地到结构复杂的古老森林的一系列条件。生境专家S. rufipes是所有鸟类生物多样性措施的可靠替代物，包括鸟类特有性和功能多样性措施（社区专业化程度和大树使用者、林下使用者和洞穴筑巢者的密度）。相反，生境通才G.娜娜并不是一个替代品。随着S.在红鳍金枪鱼种群中，目标专门生物多样性（物种、行会和群落）的密度呈非线性增加，并在退化程度最低的地点达到峰值。这种专门的聚集可能是由更老、更稳定的森林中现有的林分结构复杂性驱动的。这些结果表明，管理措施，以促进栖息地专家猫头鹰，如S。rufipes可能导致特有物种、专门化群落的密度增加，并可能导致生态系统的稳定。
Using surrogate species to monitor the status of target biodiversity in areas undergoing exceptional habitat loss requires extending the traditional assessment of surrogates for taxonomic diversity to validating surrogates for functional diversity. This validation will be critical to inform about broader ecosystem processes and stability. We compared the surrogacy reliability of the habitat-specialist Rufous-legged Owl (Strix rufipes) and the habitat-generalist Austral Pygmy-Owl (Glaucidium nana), and we examined potential underlying mechanisms for surrogacy relationships in Andean temperate forests, a global biodiversity hotspot in southern Chile. During 2011–2013, we conducted 1,145 owl surveys, 505 vegetation surveys, and 505 avian point-transect surveys across 101 sites comprising a range of conditions from degraded forest habitat to structurally complex old-growth forest stands. The habitat-specialist S. rufipes was a reliable surrogate for all avian biodiversity measures, including avian endemism and functional diversity measures (degree of community specialization and density of large-tree users, understory users, and cavity-nesters). On the contrary, the habitat-generalist G. nana did not function as a surrogate. With increasing occurrence of S. rufipes, the density of target specialized biodiversity (species, guilds, and communities) increased nonlinearly and peaked at the least degraded sites. This specialist aggregation might be driven by stand structural complexity available in older, more stable, forests. These results suggest that management actions tailored to promote occurrence of habitat-specialist owls, such as the S. rufipes, may result in enhanced density of endemic species, specialized communities, and likely ecosystem stability.