Hepatitis B: the virus and disease.
Hepatitis B: the virus and disease.
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DOI：
10.1002/hep.22881
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发表时间：
2009-05
期刊：
影响因子：
13.5
通讯作者：
Liang, T. Jake
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liang, T. Jake
乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 感染全球超过 3 亿人，是肝病和肝癌的常见原因。乙型肝炎病毒是嗜肝DNA病毒科的一员，是一种小型DNA病毒，具有与逆转录病毒相似的不寻常特征。 HBV 通过 RNA 中间体进行复制，并可以整合到宿主基因组中。 HBV 复制周期的独特特征赋予病毒在受感染细胞中持续存在的独特能力。病毒学和血清学检测已被开发用于诊断各种形式的 HBV 相关疾病和治疗慢性乙型肝炎感染。乙型肝炎病毒感染会导致多种肝脏疾病，从急性（包括暴发性肝衰竭）到慢性肝炎、肝硬化和肝细胞癌。急性乙型肝炎病毒感染可以是无症状的，也可以是有症状的急性肝炎。大多数感染该病毒的成年人都会康复，但 5%–10% 的人无法清除病毒并成为慢性感染。许多慢性感染者患有轻度肝病，长期发病或死亡很少或没有。其他慢性乙型肝炎病毒感染者会出现活动性疾病，可能进展为肝硬化和肝癌。这些患者需要仔细监测并保证治疗干预。乙型肝炎病毒感染的肝外表现很少见，但很难诊断和治疗。 HBV 相关疾病领域的挑战是缺乏预测 HBV 感染的结果和进展的知识，以及对了解与 HBV 感染相关的各种疾病表现的分子、细胞、免疫学和遗传基础的需求未得到满足。
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infects more than 300 million people worldwide and is a common cause of liver disease and liver cancer. HBV, a member of the Hepadnaviridae family, is a small DNA virus with unusual features similar to retroviruses. HBV replicates through an RNA intermediate and can integrate into the host genome. The unique features of the HBV replication cycle confer a distinct ability of the virus to persist in infected cells. Virological and serological assays have been developed for diagnosis of various forms of HBV-associated disease and for treatment of chronic hepatitis B infection. HBV infection leads to a wide spectrum of liver disease ranging from acute (including fulminant hepatic failure) to chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Acute HBV infection can be either asymptomatic or present with symptomatic acute hepatitis. Most adults infected with the virus recover, but 5%–10% are unable to clear the virus and become chronically infected. Many chronically infected persons have mild liver disease with little or no long-term morbidity or mortality. Other individuals with chronic HBV infection develop active disease, which can progress to cirrhosis and liver cancer. These patients require careful monitoring and warrant therapeutic intervention. Extrahepatic manifestations of HBV infection are rare but can be difficult to diagnose and manage. The challenges in the area of HBV-associated disease are the lack of knowledge in predicting outcome and progression of HBV infection and an unmet need to understand the molecular, cellular, immunological, and genetic basis of various disease manifestations associated with HBV infection.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.90.17.8078
发表时间：
1993-09-01
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
CROSS, JC;WEN, P;RUTTER, WJ
通讯作者：
RUTTER, WJ
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Hu, ZY;Zhang, ZS;Liang, TJ
通讯作者：
Liang, TJ
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
BARKER, LF;MURRAY, R
通讯作者：
MURRAY, R
影响因子：
158.5
作者：
ALPERT, E;ISSELBAC.KJ;SCHUR, PH
通讯作者：
SCHUR, PH
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
HATTON, T;ZHOU, SL;STANDRING, DN
通讯作者：
STANDRING, DN