Prevalence and time trends in overweight and obesity among urban women: an analysis of demographic and health surveys data from 24 African countries, 1991-2014
Prevalence and time trends in overweight and obesity among urban women: an analysis of demographic and health surveys data from 24 African countries, 1991-2014
复制标题
DOI：
10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017344
复制
发表时间：
2017-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Ezeh, Alex C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Amugsi, Dickson Abanimi;Dimbuene, Zacharie T.;Ezeh, Alex C.
目的研究过去25年来非洲非怀孕城市妇女超重和肥胖的流行情况和趋势。设计1991年至2014年间进行的横断面调查。人口和健康调查（DHS），在24个非洲国家收集了重复的横断面数据。参与者年龄在15-49岁的成年未怀孕女性。早期的国土安全部只收集了那些有0-5岁孩子的妇女的人体测量数据。主要分析仅限于这一亚组。参与者被分类为超重（25.0-29.9 kg/m(2)）和肥胖（>= 30.0 kg/m(2)）。结果24个国家的女性超重和肥胖患病率均呈上升趋势。在24个国家中，有17个国家的肥胖趋势和13个国家的超重趋势具有统计学意义。在加纳，1993年至2014年间，超重人数几乎翻了一番（p = 0.001），肥胖人数翻了三倍（p = 0.001）。2014年，埃及的超重和肥胖水平最高，分别为44% （95% CI 42%, 46.5%）和39% (95% CI 36.6%, 41.8%)，并且与1995年的水平相比有显著增加的趋势（p = 0.005）。此外，肯尼亚、贝宁、尼日尔、卢旺达、科特迪瓦和乌干达的肥胖人数增加了一倍，赞比亚、布基纳法索、马里、马拉维和坦桑尼亚的肥胖人数增加了两倍。埃塞俄比亚和马达加斯加的肥胖和超重患病率最低，超重在7%至12%之间，肥胖在1%至4%之间。结论：非洲城市育龄妇女的超重和肥胖人数正在增加，在24个国家中，有12个国家育龄妇女的肥胖人数增加了一倍或两倍以上。迫切需要制定审慎的政策和干预措施，鼓励积极的生活方式和健康的饮食行为，以遏制非洲城市的这一趋势。
Objective To examine the prevalence and trends in overweight and obesity among non-pregnant urban women in Africa over the past two and a half decades.Design Cross-sectional surveys conducted between 1991 and 2014.Settings Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), repeated cross-sectional data collected in 24 African countries.Participants Adult non-pregnant women aged 15-49 years. The earlier DHS collected anthropometric data on only those women who had children aged 0-5 years. The main analyses were limited to this subgroup. The participants were classified as overweight (25.0-29.9 kg/m(2)) and obese (>= 30.0 kg/m(2)).Results The prevalence of overweight and obesity among women increased in all the 24 countries. Trends were statistically significant in 17 of the 24 countries in the case of obesity and 13 of the 24 for overweight. In Ghana, overweight almost doubled (p = 0.001) while obesity tripled (p = 0.001) between 1993 and 2014. Egypt has the highest levels of overweight and obesity at 44% (95% CI 42%, 46.5%) and 39% (95% CI 36.6%, 41.8%), respectively, in 2014 and the trend showed significant increase (p = 0.005) from 1995 levels. Also, obesity doubled in Kenya, Benin, Niger, Rwanda, Ivory Coast and Uganda, while tripled in Zambia, Burkina Faso, Mali, Malawi and Tanzania. Ethiopia and Madagascar had the lowest prevalence of both obesity and overweight, with overweight ranging from 7% to 12% and obesity from 1% to 4%.Conclusions Overweight and obesity are increasing among women of reproductive age in urban Africa, with obesity among this age group having more than doubled or tripled in 12 of the 24 countries. There is an urgent need for deliberate policies and interventions to encourage active lifestyles and healthy eating behaviour to curb this trend in urban Africa.