Alu Elements and the Phylogeny of Capuchin (Cebus and Sapajus) Monkeys
Alu Elements and the Phylogeny of Capuchin (Cebus and Sapajus) Monkeys
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DOI：
10.1002/ajp.22352
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发表时间：
2015-04-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Schneider, Horacio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Martins-, Antonio M. G., Jr.;Amorim, Nadia;Schneider, Horacio
新世界猴有三个科，Pitheciidae，Atelidae和Cebidae，目前已被确认。Cebidae的单系性得到了10个独特的Alu元素的明确支持，这些元素在其他两个家族中都没有。在本文中，5个基因组区域包含这些Alu元素进行测序的标本代表9卷尾猴（Cebus，Sapajus）的物种，以确定突变，可能有助于阐明cebids的分类和系统发育关系。结果证实了先前描述的Alu元素在卷尾猴中的存在。一个Alu插入Cebidae 2基因组区域属于的Cebidae亚科进行了扩增和测序，只有在Sapajus。没有扩增或非特异性的产品，获得了所有其他物种在这里研究。在CeSa 1区域中存在的一个p3 Sc插入仅在Cebus、Sapajus和Saimiri中发现。Cebidae 4的特征是两个插入，一个是所有cebids共有的SxSx 6，一个是只在卷尾猴（Cebus和Sapajus）中发现的完整SINE（SxSx 3）。Cebidae 5基因组区域揭示了两个插入事件，一个是CebidaeSx亚科，这是所有cebids共享的，另一个（CebidaeSc 8），这是唯一的Cebus，提供了一个简单的标准，区分两个属，Cebus和Sapajus。Cebidae 6区域显示了四个不同的插入事件：一个52 bp的简单重复序列（（TATG）n），两个非常古老的重复序列（MIRC）和一个TcMar-Tigger共享的所有新世界猴研究到目前为止，和Alu插入的CebidaeSx亚家族只存在于cebids。系统发育树证实卷尾猴可分为Cebus和Sapajus两属，南方种Sapajus nigritus robustus和S. cay分别是本属中最早和第二早的分支。这支持了Sapajus辐射的南方起源。Am. J. Primatol. 77：368-375，2015. (c)2014 Wiley Periodicals，Inc.
Three families of New World monkeys, the Pitheciidae, Atelidae, and Cebidae, are currently recognized. The monophyly of the Cebidae is supported unequivocally by the presence of ten unique Alu elements, which are absent from the other two families. In this paper, the five genomic regions containing these Alu elements were sequenced in specimens representing nine capuchin (Cebus, Sapajus) species in order to identify mutations that may help elucidate the taxonomy and phylogenetic relationships of the cebids. The results confirmed the presence of previously described Alu elements in the capuchins. An Alu insertion present in the Cebidae2 genomic region belonging to the AluSc subfamily was amplified and sequenced only in Sapajus. No amplified or unspecific product was obtained for all other species studied here. An AluSc insertion present in the CeSa1 region was found only in Cebus, Sapajus, and Saimiri. Cebidae4 was characterized by two insertions, an AluSz6 shared by all cebids, and a complete SINE (AluSx3) found only in the capuchins (Cebus and Sapajus). The genomic region Cebidae5 revealed two insertion events, one of the AluSx subfamily, which was shared by all cebids, and another (AluSc8), that was unique to Cebus, offering a straightforward criterion for the differentiation of the two genera, Cebus and Sapajus. The Cebidae6 region showed four distinct insertion events: a 52-bp simple repeat ((TATG) n), two very ancient repeats (MIRc) and a TcMar-Tigger shared by all New World monkeys studied so far, and an Alu insertion of the AluSx subfamily present exclusively in the cebids. The phylogenetic tree confirmed the division of the capuchins into two genera, Cebus and Sapajus, and suggested the southern species Sapajus nigritus robustus and S. cay as the earliest and second earliest offshoots in this genus, respectively. This supports a southern origin for the Sapajus radiation. Am. J. Primatol. 77:368-375, 2015. (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.