The function of activity-regulated genes in the nervous system.
The function of activity-regulated genes in the nervous system.
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DOI：
10.1152/physrev.00013.2009
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发表时间：
2009-10
影响因子：
33.6
通讯作者：
Nedivi E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Loebrich S;Nedivi E
哺乳动物的大脑是可塑性的，因为它在一生中表现出非凡的改变能力。神经元活动对大脑可塑性的贡献首次被认为是与发育的关键时期有关的，当时人们发现，操纵感觉环境可以深刻地影响神经元的形态和感受野特性。从那时起，越来越多的证据证明，大脑的可塑性超出了发育范围，是成年人大脑功能的固有特征，跨越了从学习和记忆到初级感觉地图的适应等多个领域。在这里，我们讨论了当前观点的演变，即成人大脑的可塑性源于神经元水平对外部和内部刺激的转录控制机制的动态调整。然后，我们回顾了由电活动水平的变化调节的“可塑性基因”的识别，以及阐明它们的细胞功能如何揭示转录调节在突触传递和电路可塑性的基本方面所起的密切作用，这些可塑性基因每天都在大脑中发生。
The mammalian brain is plastic in the sense that it shows a remarkable capacity for change throughout life. The contribution of neuronal activity to brain plasticity was first recognized in relation to critical periods of development, when manipulating the sensory environment was found to profoundly affect neuronal morphology and receptive field properties. Since then, a growing body of evidence has established that brain plasticity extends beyond development and is an inherent feature of adult brain function, spanning multiple domains, from learning and memory to adaptability of primary sensory maps. Here we discuss evolution of the current view that plasticity of the adult brain derives from dynamic tuning of transcriptional control mechanisms at the neuronal level, in response to external and internal stimuli. We then review the identification of “plasticity genes” regulated by changes in the levels of electrical activity, and how elucidating their cellular functions has revealed the intimate role transcriptional regulation plays in fundamental aspects of synaptic transmission and circuit plasticity that occur in the brain on an every day basis.