Transneuronal circuit tracing with neurotropic viruses.

Transneuronal circuit tracing with neurotropic viruses.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.conb.2009.03.007
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发表时间:
2008-12
影响因子:
5.7
通讯作者:
Callaway EM
Callaway EM
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Callaway EM

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由于嗜神经病毒自然地穿越神经通路,它们对于阐明神经回路非常有价值。自然发生的疱疹病毒和狂犬病病毒已被用于跨神经元电路跟踪了几十年。根据病毒和毒株的类型,病毒可以优先在顺行或逆行方向上传播。最近,基因修饰带来了许多改进。其中包括:降低致病性;添加标记基因;控制突触扩散;用于感染所选细胞的假型化;添加辅助遗传元件以将回路追踪与活性或功能测定的操作相结合。这些修改,沿着未来发展的可能性,表明嗜神经病毒将成为未来研究神经回路越来越重要和有效的工具。
Because neurotropic viruses naturally traverse neural pathways, they are extremely valuable for elucidating neural circuits. Naturally occurring herpes and rabies viruses have been used for transneuronal circuit tracing for decades. Depending on the type of virus and strain, virus can travel preferentially in the anterograde or the retrograde direction. More recently, genetic modifications have allowed for many improvements. These include: reduced pathogenicity; addition of marker genes; control of synaptic spread; pseudotyping for infection of selected cells; addition of ancillary genetic elements for combining circuit tracing with manipulation of activity or functional assays. These modifications, along with the likelihood of future developments, suggest that neurotropic viruses will be increasingly important and effective tools for future studies of neural circuits.
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